The main purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between sarcopenia and injury events (falls, fractures, hospitalization, disability, and death). This study systemically searched the literature from Embase, PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library and analyzed the collected literature using the random effects model to demonstrate the relationship between sarcopenia and injury events. This study followed the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and collected a total of 38 prospective studies, and the results showed that, when compared to robust individuals, the risk of injury events for older individuals with sarcopenia was significantly higher for fractures (HR = 9.66, CI: 5.07–18.38), hospital admissions (HR = 11.80, CI: 4.86–28.65), and death (HR = 9.57, CI: 3.17–28.94). In consideration of the negative impact of sarcopenia on the subsequent health of older adults, professional nursing personnel should assess older adults for sarcopenia as early as possible and propose relevant care policies to further reduce negative health impacts.

Background The growing population of older adults worldwide is associated with an extended life expectancy and an increasing proportion of older adults with dynapenia. Most research on dynapenia has involved only populations of older adults living in the community; little research has examined the effects of risk factors on sleep quality among older adults with dynapenia residing in assisted living facilities. Aim This study examined the relationships among physical function, nutrition, cognitive function, depression, and sleep quality among older adults with dynapenia residing in assisted living facilities. Methods In this cross-sectional study, data on physical function, nutrition, cognitive function, depression, and sleep quality was collected from 178 older adults with dynapenia residing in assisted living facilities, who were selected using purposive sampling. Descriptive statistical analysis, independent-sample t tests, chi-squared tests, and logistic regression analysis were performed using SPSS 25.0. Results The statistical analyses revealed correlations between sleep quality and age (t = 2.37, p < 0.05), level of education (χ2 = 3.85, p < 0.05), grip strength (t = 3.40, p < 0.01), activities of daily living (t = 4.29, p < 0.001), instrumental activities of daily living (t = 2.23, p < 0.001), calf circumference (t = 2.89, p < 0.01), Mini Nutritional Assessment scores (t = 2.29, p < 0.05), Mini Mental State Exam (MMSE) scores (t = 4.50, p < 0.001), and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) scores (t = − 4.20, p < 0.001). Calf circumference (OR = 0.8, 95% CI = 0.650.97, p < 0.05), GDS score (OR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.05–1.92, p < 0.05), and MMSE score (OR = 0.85, 95% CI = 0.73–0.97, p < 0.05) were related to sleep quality among the sample population. Conclusion Physical function, nutrition, cognitive function, and depression affect the sleep quality of older adults with dynapenia residing in assisted living facilities. Facility nurses must regularly assess these aspects of their patients to ensure that facility-dwelling older adults can maintain their physical function and improve their health to improve the quality of their sleep.

Aim We explored the performance of demographic characteristics, physiological state, cognitive function, sensory function, and biomarkers when used as predictors of frailty for patients with schizophrenia. Design A cross‐sectional study design was adopted. Methods Demographic data and data on physiological state, cognitive function, sensory function, biochemical indices, and frailty status of patients with schizophrenia were collected. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics, a chi‐square test, one‐factor analysis of variance, and logistic regression. Results The results revealed that frailty was prevalent among patients with lower educational attainment, longer hospital stay, higher skeletal muscle mass, higher basal metabolic rate, lower cognitive function, the use of tranquillisers and sleeping pills, and the use of assistive equipment as well as having fallen in the past year. In addition, cognitive function (p < 0.05), use of a wheelchair (p < 0.05), and use of an assistive walker (p < 0.001) were used as predictors of frailty condition of patients with schizophrenia. Patient Contribution Patients with schizophrenia have higher risk of having complications than patients with other chronic illnesses. Therefore, medical staff should regularly assess the levels of frailty risk to help patients with schizophrenia.