The purpose of the study was to test the classification system for career decision difficulties of college students in a Chinese culture. Five hundred twenty-one college students completed the Chinese version of the Career Decision-Making Difficulties Questionnaire. Data obtained were analyzed by multivariate analysis of variance, factor analysis, and a clustering algorithm, ADDTREE. The results indicated significant differences between decided and undecided students on their perceptions of career difficulties,.(10,464) = .729. The results of factor analysis and the ADDTREE analysis indicated that the three-group classification system for career decision-making difficulties was generally supported. However, for the undecided students in the process of career decision making, the factors before and during the process were mixed.

The authors examined career‐related uncertainties perceived by college students in Taiwan. Five hundred thirty‐two Taiwanese students responded to a free‐response instrument containing 3 questions related to career uncertainties: (a) the sources of career uncertainty, (b) the experiences at the moment of feeling uncertainty, and (c) coping efficacies toward the uncertainty. Responses were sorted into categories within each question based on the grounded theory methodology (B. G. Glaser & A. L. Strauss, 1967). A hypothetical model was developed to describe college students' perceptions of career uncertainties, experiences of feeling uncertainty, and coping efficacy toward the uncertainty.

Eighty-eight East Asian volunteers were paired with 6 East Asian therapists who provided low or high input in single-dream sessions. Volunteer clients with poor initial functioning on the target problem associated with their dreams and high self-efficacy for working with dreams profited more from dream sessions than did their counterparts. Although no main effects were found for therapist input, volunteer clients who scored higher on attachment anxiety had better outcome in the low-input condition, whereas clients who scored lower on attachment anxiety had better outcome in the high-input condition. Volunteer clients with lower Asian values evaluated low-input sessions more positively, whereas volunteer clients with higher Asian values evaluated high-input sessions more positively. Implications for dream work and future research are suggested.

The Career Adapt-Abilities Scale (CAAS), a measure developed to evaluate an individual’s level of career adaptability, was initially validated as consisting of four factors (concern, control, curiosity, and confidence). The following study explores the structural validity of the CAAS when a fifth factor, cooperation, is included. Beyond examining the structural validity, we additionally conducted a cross-cultural validation of the five-factor model across American, Chinese, and Taiwanese samples. Our cross-cultural comparisons provided some support for the factorial equivalence of the five-factor Career Adapt-Abilities Scale (CAAS-5) in terms of the configural model. However, the results for the scalar model gave some indication of nonequivalence. Follow-up analyses showed that all items functioned similarly across groups, suggesting that small deviations in item functioning may have resulted in nonequivalence when aggregated to the scale level. Given the conceptual importance of cooperation’s inclusion, we contend that future research on career adaptability should explore the CAAS-5 further.

The purpose of the study was to assess the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Attitudes Toward Dream measure (ATD) and examine the outcome of dream interpretation for college students in Taiwan. In a sample of 574 college students, factor analysis revealed a single factor for the ATD-Chinese. In the second stage, 60 volunteer clients were assigned randomly to an experimental or control condition. Significant differences were found between experimental and control conditions for postsession ATD-Chinese scores. Initial attitudes toward dreams did not influence perceived gains from dream sessions.