The current diagnosis and treatment of sarcoma continue to show limited timeliness and efficacy. In order to enable the early detection and management of sarcoma, increasing attentions have been given to the tumor microenvironment (TME). TME is a dynamic network composed of multiple cells, extracellular matrix, vasculature, and exosomes. Exosomes are nano-sized extracellular vesicles derived from various cells in the TME. The major function of exosomes is to promote cancer progress and metastasis through mediating bidirectional cellular communications between sarcoma cells and TME cells. Due to the content specificity, cell tropism, and bioavailability, exosomes have been regarded as promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, and therapeutic vehicles for sarcoma. This review summarizes recent studies on the roles of exosomes in TME of sarcoma, and explores the emerging clinical applications.

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Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible vision loss worldwide, and multiple risk factors influence its pathogenesis and progression, including age, increased intraocular pressure (IOP), low-grade inflammation, oxidative stress, and ocular blood flow deficits. IOP-lowering therapy is currently the most effective way to control glaucoma progression; however, due to insufficient response and persistent retinal neural degeneration, the result may not always be satisfactory. In recent decades, fish oil, an omega-3 dietary supplement, is reported to be beneficial to glaucoma patients, but its efficiency and underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Intriguingly, glaucoma patients have lower omega-3 fatty acid blood levels, especially docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid. Dietary omega-3 supplementation in patients may normalize levels of fatty acid and, thereby, enhance their effects. Therefore, fish oil may serve as an area of new focus for glaucoma treatment studies. In this review, the study summarizes the roles of active ingredients in fish oil in delaying glaucoma development, including lowering IOP, regulating blood supply, alleviating inflammation, and diminishing oxidative stress, with a view to promoting the development of the clinical management of glaucoma.