Dying primary liver, NIH 3T3, and HeLa cells can reverse the advanced stage of apoptosis and survive even after incurring DNA damage. Some surviving cells harbor genetic alterations that result in phenotypic diversity, including oncogenic transformation.

Anisotropic growth is observed for GaN(0001) during molecular beam epitaxy for both the stepflow growth mode and two-dimensional (2D) nucleation growth mode. Using scanning tunneling microscopy, we find that in the step-flow growth mode, growth anisotropy strongly influences the shape of terrace edges, making them strikingly different between hexagonal and cubic films. In the 2D nucleation growth mode, anisotropic growth results in triangularly shaped islands. The importance of understanding growth anisotropy to achieve better grown GaN films is discussed.

No abstract

HIGHLIGHTS• Recent advances of micro/nanomotors in the field of cancer-targeted delivery, diagnosis, and imaging-guided therapy are summarized.• Challenges and outlook for the future development of micro/nanomotors toward clinical applications are discussed.ABSTRACT Micro/nanomotors have been extensively explored for efficient cancer diagnosis and therapy, as evidenced by significant breakthroughs in the design of micro/nanomotors-based intelligent and comprehensive biomedical platforms. Here, we demonstrate the recent advances of micro/nanomotors in the field of cancer-targeted delivery, diagnosis, and imaging-guided therapy, as well as the challenges and problems faced by micro/nanomotors in clinical applications. The outlook for the future development of micro/nanomotors toward clinical applications is also discussed. We hope to highlight these new advances in micro/nanomotors in the field of cancer diagnosis and therapy, with the ultimate goal of stimulating the successful exploration of intelligent micro/nanomotors for future clinical applications.

Tungsten oxide W18O49 nanowires with diameters of 10–20nm were synthesized with high yield by thermal evaporation in a tube furnace. By heating tungsten trioxide powder at 900°C in vacuum (5×10−3torr), W18O49 nanowires with diameters of 10–20nm and lengths up to micrometers were produced with high yield on the Au-coated Si substrates located in the low temperature zone (550–600°C) of the furnace. The morphology, composition, and crystal structure of the nanowires were characterized by various methods. The conditions and the mechanism of W18O49 nanowire growth are discussed.