No abstract

The association of TMA, especially TTP, and multiple myeloma is exceptional. The authors report such a case that induced irreversible renal damage, but with stable clinical and laboratory parameters with a follow-up of 4 years.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) in the elderly is characterized by high mortality. The objective of this study is to identify the causes of death in the elderly with AKI. This is a prospective cohort study with a descriptive purpose which was carried out during the period from January 2009 to December 2014 in the Department of Nephrology-Internal Medicine of Treichville University Hospital. The diagnosis of AKI was made on the basis of serum creatinine (SCr) values determined during hospitalization, according to KDIGO classification. Our study involved 107 elderly aged 65 and older with AKI. The hospital mortality rate was 46.7% (50/107). The average age of deceased patients was 71.8 ± 7 years with extremes of 65 and 90 years. We observed a male predominance with a sex ratio (41/9) of 4.55. AKI on admission was in Stage 1 in 16% of cases, in Stage 2 in 24%, and in Stage 3 in 60% cases. SCr was normal in 8%, the AKI was in Stage 1 in 34% (P = 0.09), Stage 2 in 18% (P = 0.001), and Stage 3 in 40% (P = 0.0001). AKI in deceased patients was organic in 36% of cases, obstructive in 30%, and functional in 6%. The etiologies of AKI were infections (46%), cancer (18%), benign tumors of the urinary tract (12%), malignant hypertension (6%), decompensated heart disease (6%), and drugs (6%). The main causes of death were sepsis (28%), cardiovascular disease (22%), severe renal failure (20%), pelvic cancers (16%), and liver failure (12%). All patients with cancer (P = 0.001) or HIV infected (P = 0.009) died. Sixty-eight percent of deaths occurred the 1 week. Death was earlier by sepsis and cardiovascular disease than by cancer. Mortality is high in the elderly. The main causes of death were sepsis, cardiovascular disease, renal failure, pelvic cancer, and liver failure.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has become a public health problem because of its increasing prevalence. The objective of this study was to describe the current profile of CKD in our working conditions. This is a descriptive retrospective study of patients admitted for CKD during the period from January 2010 to December 2014 in the Internal Medicine Department of the university hospital of Treichville in Abidjan. CKD was defined by a glomerular filtration rate below 60 mL/min lasting for at least three months. We collected 252 cases of CKD out of 3573 patients recorded during the study period, yielding a prevalence of 7%. The mean age was 39.6 ± 14 years (15-83 years). We observed a male predominance (sex ratio 1.2:1). Of the CKD patients studied, 67.1% were hypertensive, 7.9% were diabetic, and 8.7% were positive for human immunodeficiency (HIV) virus. The CKD was Stage 3 in 2.4%, Stage 4 in 3.2%, and Stage 5 in 94.4% of the patients. The etiology of CKD was hypertension in 59.9% of cases, followed by chronic glomerulonephritis (25%), HIV infection (9.1%), and diabetes (4.8%). On bivariate analysis, hypertension was the cause of CKD in 48.8% of patients under 35 years, 66.4% in patients between 35 and 64 years, and 85.4% in patients ≥65 years (P = 0.001). Chronic glomerulonephritis was the cause of CKD in 40.2% of patients under 35 years, in 14.3% between 35 and 64 years, and in 4.8% of patients ≥65 years (P = 0.0001). CKD is a common cause of hospitalization in our department. Patients generally consulted at the late stage of the disease. Risk factors are mainly hypertension, HIV infection, and diabetes.

En Côte d'Ivoire, la prévalence de l'infection au virus de l'immunodéficience humaine (VIH) est élevée. Tous les organes peuvent être atteints, en particulier le rein. Certaines études en Côte d'Ivoire ont retrouvé les infections opportunistes comme facteur de mauvais pronostic de l'insuffisance rénale aiguë (IRA). L'objectif de cette étude était de rechercher les éventuels autres facteurs associés à l'évolution de l'IRA chez les personnes infectées par le VIH. Une étude rétrospective, analytique, menée au Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire de Yopougon de janvier 2014 à décembre 2017. Etaient inclus tous les patients âgés de plus de 18 ans, infectés par le VIH et ayant présenté une IRA. Soixante-treize (73) patients ont été inclus, soit une prévalence de 24%. L'âge moyen des patients était de 39,32 ± 10,50 ans avec des extrêmes de 18 et 65 ans. Un sexe ratio de 1,6 en faveur des femmes. L'obésité (p=0,047; OR=8,72; IC (95%)=1,07-39,21) et le taux de CD4< 200/mm3 (p=0,000; OR=58,50; IC (95%)=10,31-55,12) étaient associés à un mauvais pronostic de l'IRA. En Côte d'Ivoire, la prévalence hospitalière l'IRA au cours du VIH demeure élevée. Son évolution est défavorable avec le décès ou le passage à la chronicité. En plus de l'immunodépression profonde déjà connue comme facteur de mauvais pronostic, cette étude a montré que l'obésité était associée à une évolution défavorable de l'IRA chez les personnes vivant avec le VIH.