Sunlight exposure has both beneficial and detrimental effects, as it is the primary source of vitamin D and is also a major cause of skin damage, burning, and cancer. Ultraviolet protection is an important main preventive technique against skin cancer and sun damage, which is the most common skin disease worldwide, and the ninth most frequent cancer in Saudi Arabia. The main aim of this study is to determine the knowledge, attitude and practices toward sun exposure and use of sun protection among university students in Taif city of Saudi Arabia. Methods:This is a cross-sectional electronic-based survey study that was conducted between the 1 September 2020 and 30 August 2021. The targeted population involved all Taif university students, with a total number of 329 students included in the study. The survey data included items related to demographic information, knowledge, attitude, and practice toward sun exposure and use of sun protection measurements. Results:The daily duration of sun exposure among the participants was reported by 60.3% (n=188) as only for less than one hour, 32.4% (n=101) were exposed for one to four hours, and only 7.4% (n=23) were exposed between 5-6 hours. The prevalence of sunscreen usage among the study participants was found to be 71.1% (n=222), and the frequency of sunscreen usage showed 21.6% (n=48) used it 'always', 33.3% (n=74) used it 'sometimes', and 45% (n=100) used it 'rarely', when they go out in the sun. Conclusion:A large percentage of students in Taif university are exposed to ultraviolet rays as their university days peak during sun hours. Only a small percentage were found to always use sun protection methods. More awareness campaigns on campus and social media about the importance of using sun protection measures and the proper way of using sunscreen are required.

Background: Physical inactivity and sedentary lifestyles among pregnant women have shown significant health risks that threaten the life of the mother and the child. Aim: This study aimed to assess the prevalence and barriers to regular physical activity (PA) during pregnancy among Saudi women in the western region. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was done with 463 pregnant women using the Pregnant Physical Activity Questionnaire. A standardized questionnaire was used to collect the demographic details and information about the PA before and during pregnancy, work-related barriers, pregnancy-related barriers, and other barriers. Results: Only 22.9% of the participants engaged in PA during pregnancy, and not having enough time and intense exhaustion from work were the most common work-related reasons for not exercising during pregnancy. The most reported barriers to PA related to pregnancy were fear of injuring the fetus, feeling sick in the morning, muscle and joint pain, feeling exhausted after exercise, and lack of motivation. Younger pregnant women (<20 years of age) and those who participated in a certain form of PA before pregnancy were comparatively more engaged in PA during pregnancy (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The PA during pregnancy, as reported by the participants, was poor and the most commonly reported barrier to do PA among pregnant women was fear of injuring the fetus. Pregnant women should receive appropriate prenatal advice on the benefits of PA, and they should be made aware of the significance of PA in the promotion of healthy lifestyle practices.

Introduction: Breastfeeding plays an important role in newborn life as it gives nutritional and emotional dependency of the baby on the mother. While there are a lot of contraindications of breastfeeding, not all infectious diseases prevent breastfeeding as they can be treated and controlled Awareness of the mother about relative and absolute contraindications of breastfeeding is very important to preserve the health of her baby. Aim: In this study, we would like to know the level of awareness about the relative and absolute contraindications of breastfeeding among mothers of Taif city Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Taif city, KSA from January 2021 to June 2021, and data was obtained by online questionnaire. Data was entered through Excel version 16.16.23, and all Statistical analysis was done by using SPSS ver23 (IBM corp. the USA) by an independent biostatistician. The categorical variable was analyzed by using Pearson’s Chi-square test. Continuous variables obtained are expressed as mean and standard deviation. The significance value (p-value) <0.05 is considered statistically significant Result: The assessment of knowledge level related to breastfeeding showed that only 7.9% had good knowledge, and most of the participants had poor knowledge (82.1%). When we assessed the relationship of this knowledge level with the age of the mothers, it was found that mothers who were 18-28 years of age had comparatively more ‘good’ knowledge (20.0%) than other age groups Conclusion: In general, level of awareness in terms of contraindications of breastfeeding in our study was very low, so we need to increase awareness of Healthcare professionals as they have a critical role in spreading information and encouraging women to breastfeed. The health education program should be implemented as soon as possible. Key words: breastfeeding, Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice of mothers, Taif city, Saudi Arabia

Background: The development of a COVID-19 vaccine is seen as a critical strategy for bringing the pandemic to an end. Understanding the main determinants that influence the community's preferences and demands for a potential vaccine may aid in the development of strategies to improve the global vaccination program. Methods: This is a cross-sectional online self-administered questionnaire study that was distributed in Taif city, Saudi Arabia between March 2021 to June 2021. The survey included socio-demographic data, beliefs toward COVID-19 vaccination, barriers associated with acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination and the last part about generalized anxiety disorder scale. Results: It was reported that 25.6% of the participants had taken at least one dose of the COVID-19 vaccine (COV), and 39.8% are planning to take it. Regarding beliefs and perceptions related to COV, 44.3% had demonstrated positive beliefs and 55.7% had negative beliefs. The analysis showed that 59.7% agreed that COV is safe, and 57.8% believed that it is effective. It was found that 53.3% of the participants were concerned about the vaccine's side effects, and only 9.8% believed that the COVID-19 vaccination is a conspiracy. When we assessed the relationship of attitudes with sociodemographic characteristics of the participants, males, Saudi nationality, singles, higher qualifications, unemployment, and students showed more positive attitudes than the rest. Conclusion: Our research findings show that there is an association between planning to take the vaccine and positive attitudes toward vaccine safety and effectiveness among the Taif City population These results could help the government, ministry of health, health practitioners, and other health organizations to more accurately tailor messages around COVID-19 vaccine programs.