As technology matures, Real Time Kinematic (RTK) global positioning system (GPS) receivers are providing increased performance in accuracy, on-the-fly (OTF) initialization times, measurement speed, and latency. Leica's Dozer 2000 machine guidance system combines an MC1000 GPS sensor, graphic intensive guidance software, a digital terrain model, and a digital site plan. Figure 1 shows the operator's view of the system. The end result is a highly accurate, extremely responsive local navigation system. Engineers can easily upload design information onto a touch-screen machine guidance personal computer (PC) and greatly reduce earthmoving costs while simultaneously recording "as-built" inspection data.The Leiea MC1000 machine control sensor is a true 10-Hz, centimeter-level-accuracy, open-architecture GPS sensor specifically designed for machine guidance and control. At the heart of the MClOOO's performance are a very stable oven-controlled oscillator (3 X 10~1 1 /s shortterm stability), a low-power Intel 486-DX4-80 processor, and four user-configurable input/output (I/O) ports. Special algorithms mitigate the effects ofmultipath and Selective Availability (SA) while providing centimeter accuracy up to 10 times per second with only 30 milliseconds' latency. The high update rate and low latency are essential for machine guidance and control.The MC1000 GPS reference station is capable of outputting RTK and Differential GPS (DGPS) data simultaneously, providing an entire site with GPS information for machine guidance and control, tracking and dispatching of vehicles, and support of survey crews.This article describes how recent advances in technology have combined to produce the Leiea Dozer 2000-a machine guidance system that is ideal for a wide range of earthmoving and inspection applications.

Optical tooling methods used in industry are rapidly being replaced by new electronic sensor techniques. The impact of new measuring technologies on the production process has caused major changes on the industrial shop floor as well as within industrial measurement systems. The paper deals with one particular industrial measuring system, the manual theodolite measuring system (TMS), within the aircraft and automobile industry. With TMS, set up, data capture and data analysis is flexible enough to suit industry's demands regarding speed, accuracy and mobility. Included examples show the efficiency and the wide range of TMS applications. In cooperation with industry, the Video Theodolite System was developed, Its origin, functions, capabilities and future plans are briefly described. With the VTS a major step has been realized in direction to vision systems for industrial applications. Downloaded From: http://proceedings.spiedigitallibrary.org/ on 06/16/2016 Terms of Use: http://spiedigitallibrary.org/ss/TermsOfUse.aspx