Calcium phosphate cements are biomaterials made from a mixture of calcium phosphate powder in aqueous solutions that forms a paste that reacts at the body temperature and hardens as a result of precipitation reactions. These cements are commonly used in dentistry and orthopedic bone filling surgeries, which require extremely invasive procedures. The challenge consists in formulating an injectable paste by additives incorporation. In this work, three different additives (carboxymethylcellulose, agar polymer and sodium alginate) were incorporated to tricalcium phosphate, in concentrations of 0.4, 0.8, 1.6, 3.2 and 6.4 wt.%. Injectability was evaluated through a new method developed for this purpose. Results showed that it was possible to obtain injectable compositions of alpha-tricalcium phosphate cement. It was verified that the injectability depends on the rheological behavior of the pastes and injection time. In this study, pastes with viscosity suitable for good homogenization and injection were obtained.

RESUMOOs cimentos de fosfatos de cálcio são biomateriais formados pela mistura de um pó de fosfato de cálcio com água ou com solução aquosa de sais orgânicos ou inorgânicos formando uma pasta que reage à temperatura ambiente ou corpórea, endurecendo como resultado da reação de precipitação. Cimentos de fosfato de cálcio são usados comumente em cirurgias de preenchimento ósseo na odontologia e ortopedia, que requerem procedimentos extremamente invasivos. A inovação consiste em formular uma pasta injetável pela incorporação de aditivos. Neste estudo, três aditivos (carboxi-metil-celulose, polímero de agar e alginato de sódio) foram incorporados a fosfato tricálcico-alfa, nas concentrações de 0,4%; 0,8%; 1,6%; 3,2%; 6,4% em massa. Os resultados demonstraram que foi possível obter composições de cimento de fosfato tricálcico injetáveis. Verificou-se que a injetabilidade, medida por um método inédito proposto, depende do comportamento reológico das pastas. Neste estudo, as formulações com 1,6% de carboxi-metil-celulose, 1,6% de agar e 0,8% de alginato de sódio, permitiram a obtenção de uma viscosidade suficiente para uma boa homogeneização e injeção do cimento.Palavras chaves: Cimento ósseo, fosfato tricálcico, aditivos, injetabilidade. Additives Influence on the Injectability of Tricalcium Phosphate Bone Cement ABSTRACTCalcium phosphate cements are biomaterials made of a mixture of calcium phosphate powder with water or with aqueous solutions of inorganic or organic salts, forming a paste that reacts at room or body temperature and hardens as a result of precipitation reactions. Calcium phosphate cements are commonly used in both dentistry and orthopedic bone filling surgeries, which require extremely invasive procedures. The innovation consists in formulate an injectable paste by incorporation of additives. In this work, three different additives (carboxymethylcellulose, agar polymer and calcium alginate) were incorporated in alphatricalcium phosphate (α-TCP), in concentrations of 0.4%; 0.8%; 1.6%; 3.2% and 6.4% wt%. Results showed that it was possible to obtain injectable compositions of tricalcium phosphate cement. It was verified that the injectability, measured by a novel method, depends on the rheological behavior of the pastes and injection time. In this study, pastes with sufficient viscosity for good homogenization and injection were obtained. In this study, pastes with 1.6% carboxymethylcellulose, 1.6% agar and 0.8% sodium alginate present sufficient viscosity for good homogenization for cement injection.