Reusing software involves learning third-party APIs, a process that is often time-consuming and error-prone. Recommendation systems for API usage assistance based on statistical models built from source code corpora are capable of assisting API users through code completion mechanisms in IDEs. A valid sequence of API calls involving different types may be regarded as a well-formed sentence of tokens from the API vocabulary. In this article we describe an approach for recommending subsequent tokens to complete API sentences using n-gram language models built from source code corpora. The provided system was integrated in the code completion facilities of the Eclipse IDE, providing contextualized completion proposals for Java taking into account the nearest lines of code. The approach was evaluated against existing client code of four widely used APIs, revealing that in more than 90% of the cases the expected subsequent token is within the 10-top-most proposals of our models. The high score provides evidence that the recommendations could help on API learning and exploration, namely through the assistance on writing valid API sentences.
We present PandionJ, a pedagogical debugger for Java with innovative features regarding how the program state information is presented to users. We consider aspects that are either not available or not fully automated in existing debuggers (pedagogical or not), such as illustration of the history of variable values and look-ahead of their future state. Our approach relies on static analysis of code in order to infer variable roles, relationships, and behavior. This information is used to render illustrations of program state that existing debuggers are not capable of providing without requiring additional user input. CCS CONCEPTS • Social and professional topics → Computing education; • Software and its engineering → Software testing and debugging;
Management consulting as a service has become part of almost every company's daily business. The growth is being exponential, even with all the non-consensual issues and controversies in the industry. However, the market is increasingly competitive, with new competitors coming from everywhere. At the same time, the world is changing at a speed never seen before, and the challenges are several: automation, scarcity of resources, democratization of the information, big data, and regulation are some examples. Thus, it's not possible for consulting firms to keep providing the market needs without continuously adapting their own business models. The companies that can outperform these challenges more efficiently will win against the competitors. Investigate which strategies and mechanisms adopt to be agile and flexible enough, in which sectors invest the most, and how reinvent the business models in order to be resilient in a fast changing and technological world are the main objectives of this research. Several interviews with the top management of fifteen of the biggest consulting companies in Portugal were conducted. The results suggested that companies are now trying to differentiate by the services delivered, and these business models' adaptation to the digital transformation is, rather than a reality, a need.
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