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Aims To examine the relationship between nursing staffs’ self‐transcendence and well‐being in long‐term care facilities and to investigate the mediating role of caring behaviours in the aforementioned relationship. Background Factors associated with the well‐being of healthcare providers influence the quality of care delivered. Although an increasing number of studies have shed light on the relationship between self‐transcendence and subjective well‐being, little is known of the mediating effect of caring behaviour in this relationship. Design The cross‐sectional design applied in this study included a questionnaire survey of long‐term care facilities. Methods Structural equation modelling with maximum likelihood estimation was used for empirical analysis of survey data obtained from 276 nurses and nurse‐aids in 55 long‐term care facilities. A bootstrapping method was used to analyse mediating effects. Results Tests of the measurement model and hypothesized model showed an adequate goodness of fit to the sample data. The results showed that nursing staffs’ self‐transcendence was related to their caring behaviours and well‐being. Moreover, caring behaviours partially mediated the relationship between self‐transcendence and well‐being. Conclusion Our findings provide insight into the influence of self‐transcendence and caring behaviours on the well‐being of nursing staffs in long‐term care settings. Further studies are needed to clarify the role of circumstances national wide.

To model systems typically found in hydrocarbon production problems and the chemical industry, there are three basic types of calculations are required: phase equilibria, volumetric behavior, and thermophysical properties. Since 1972, cubic equations of state (CEoS) have shown surprising capabilities in the prediction of the phase equilibria of complex nonpolar systems. However, the prediction of the liquid volumes from cubic equations of state, despite the recently important advances in CEoS/A E mixing rules, still remains the weak point of this type of equations. A rigorous, universal, but simple methodology without introducing any regressed parameters is proposed for the volume translation for all types of cubic equation of state. The proposed methodology applies to not only defined components but also petroleum fractions. The translated cubic equations of state reproduce almost exactly the liquid density over the entire temperature range from the triple point to the critical point.

Caring is a central focus of nursing, and patient satisfaction is a critical indicator of nursing care quality. The aim of this study was to determine the effects that a care workshop exerted on nurse caring behaviors as perceived by patients and reflected by patient satisfaction. A quasi-experimental, pretest-posttest design without a control group was applied. The intervention consisted of several facets: 1) formal educational sessions twice a week for six weeks, 2) an angel-master mentorship activity, and 3) posts of exemplary caring behavior and stories. A demographic questionnaire, the Modified Nurse Caring Behaviors Inventory, and the Hartford Hospital Satisfaction Survey were used in this study. Descriptive statistics were analyzed to evaluate participant demographic characteristics. Paired t tests were used to determine the effects of a care workshop on nurse caring behaviors as perceived by patients and reflected by patient satisfaction. Of the 236 patients enrolled, 49.6% were women and 57.2% were admitted to medical-surgical units. Female patients rated nurse caring behaviors higher and reported greater patient satisfaction than did male patients on the pretest (p < 0.05) and 6-week posttest (p < 0.01). Patient with medical-surgical admissions rated nurse caring behaviors higher and reported greater patient satisfaction than patients with emergency admissions did on the pretest and 6-week posttest (p < 0.01). Nurse caring behaviors and patient satisfaction were positively correlated on the pretest (p < 0.05) and 6-week posttest (p < 0.01). Patient satisfaction scores increased after the intervention compared with the pretest scores (p = 0.000). Caring educational programs for nurses are commonly regarded to be an essential strategy for promoting care knowledge and practice and improving patient satisfaction. According to the favorable results of this study, care workshops must be pro-* Corresponding author.H.-S. Chan et al. 90vides to nurses in other units or hospitals in future studies.