and Key Results 0 Recent expansion of Chinese outward direct investment is analysed at two levels: at the aggregate level using Chinese Ministry of Commerce data and at the level of the individual FDI project using data compiled by the State Administration of Foreign Exchange. 0 Project level analysis reveals wholly-owned projects are increasingly displacing joint ventures as the predominant mode of entry. 0Changes to the investment motivations are discernable in market-seeking FDI: with defensive and offensive FDI increasingly supplanting trade-related investment activity, and in strategic asset-seeking FDI: with improved access to foreign-owned technologies, brands, and distribution channels gaining importance.

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Absolute quantification of CD45(-/low) CD271(bright) cells was found to be a reliable method of predicting CFU-F yields in BM aspirates. This rapid (< 40 min) procedure could be suitable for intra-operative quality control of BM aspirates prior to volume reduction/direct injection in orthopedics. In the production of culture-expanded MSC, this assay could be used to exclude samples containing low numbers of MSC, resulting in improved consistency and quality of manufactured MSC batches.