Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (Cdk1) is indispensible for the early development of the embryo. However, its role in maintaining the undifferentiated state of the embryonic stem (ES) cells remains unknown. In this study, we dissected the function of Cdk1 in mouse ES cells by RNA-interference and gene expression analyses. Cdk1 expression is tightly correlated with the undifferentiated state of the ES cells. Upon differentiation, Cdk1 expression reduced drastically. Cdk1 knock-down by RNA interference resulted in the loss of proliferation and colony formation potential of the ES cells. Consequentially, expression of self-renewal genes was reduced while differentiation markers such as Cdx2 were induced. Our results suggest a role for Cdk1 in maintaining the unique undifferentiated and self-renewing state of the mouse ES cells.
Benvitimod (3,5-dihydroxy-4-i-propylstilbene) is a novel drug developed for common skin disorders such as atopic dermatitis by Welichem Biotech Inc. in Canada and Celestial Pharmaceuticals (Shenzhen) Co. Ltd. in China. But the ideal synthesis method is not reported so far. Herein an efficient synthesis method which is operated under the mild conditions is reported. According this route, the total yield will reach 40.3 - 48.1% and the benefits of the improved method are easily operating and environment friendly.
3-Methyl-1-[2-(1-piperidiny) phenyl]-butyl amine (1) is an important intermediate for synthesis of Repaglinide, a well-known oral medicine for diabetes. It has been reported that 1 could be obtained from o-flurobenzaldehyde undergoing Grignard reaction, oxidition, piperidine substitution, oximation and reduction. In the process of reduction, the oximate 3-methyl-1-[2-(1-piperidiny) phenyl]-butyl oxime (6) was reduced by NiCl2-NaBH4 with many impurities, difficult workup, low yield and a lot of environmental problems. Herein the environmental friendly catalytic hydrogenation with simple work-up was developed and the yield was of 95.5%. The structure of 1 has been confirmed by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR.
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