Background: Hepatitis B virus infection is a major public health problem around the globe in spite of the availability of a highly effective vaccine and improvements in antiviral therapy. This disease causes a chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Patients and methods:The cross sectional study consisted from 40 healthy pregnant females referred to privet clinic for primary health care for pregnant women in Baghdad from September 2010-to May 2011.Their bloods were analyzed for hepatitis B surface antigen, anti hepatitis core antibodies, anti hepatitis B envelope antibodies and anti hepatitis C antibodies by Immunochromatographic test (Acon-USA) . The results were compared to twenty non pregnant healthy control groups. Results: There was no significance difference between two groups regarding different parameters of HBV and HCV. Conclusions: Pregnancy had no effect on the frequencies of hepatitis B and C. The majority of healthy individuals either pregnant or not pregnant were positive for anti HBc antibodies that denote a past history of transient of HBV infection in episomal form.

Uterine cervical neoplasia is a major health problem, and can be a leading cause of death. There is strong evidence that human papillomavirus (HPV) is the principal etiological agent in cervical neoplasia. The objective of this study was to investigate the correlation between HPV-16 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and uterine cervical neoplasia. Twenty six formalin fixed, paraffin embedded specimens from patients with uterine cervical neoplasia from teaching laboratories in Baghdad city, were included in this study. In addition fifteen apparently normal cervical tissue blocks have been obtained from patients undergoing hysterectomies for sustained uterine bleeding used as control group. In situ hybridization analysis was performed with cDNA probes to HPV-16 and MMP-9. The expression of HPV-16 and MMP-9 in uterine cervical neoplasia cases in the present study was 50% and 61% respectively, but relationship was not found between expression of HPV-16 and MMP-9 and uterine cervical neoplasia. In conclusion, HPV-16 and MMP-9 may have an essential role in progression of uterine cervical neoplasia. Keywords: HPV-16; invasion; matrix metalloproteinases; metastasis; uterine cervical neoplasia Özet Uterus servikal neoplazi bir majör sağlık problemidir ve ölümün başlıca nedeni olabilir. İnsan papilloma virüsünün (HPV) servikal neoplazide başlıca etyolojik ajan olduğuna dair kuvvetli delil vardır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, HPV-16 ve matriks metalloproteinaz-9 (MMP-9) ile uterus servikal neoplazi arasındaki korelasyonu araştırmaktı. Bağdat şehrindeki eğitim laboratuarlarından uterus servikal neoplazması olan hastalarının formalinde fiske edilen ve parafine gömülü 26 dokusu bu çalışmaya dahil edildi. Buna ek olarak, sürekli uterus kanaması için histerektomi yapılan hastalardan elde edilen 15 adet görünüşte normal servikal doku blokları kontrol grubu olarak kullanıldı. İn situ hibridizasyon analizi, HPV-16 ve MMP-9 cDNA probları ile gerçekleştirildi. Bu çalışmada uterus servikal neoplazma hastalarında HPV-16 ve MMP-9 ekspresyonları sırasıyla %50 ve %61 idi, fakat HPV-16 ve MMP-9 ekspresyonları ile uterus servikal neoplazma arasında ilişki bulunmadı. Sonuç olarak, HPV-16 ve MMP-9 uterus servikal neoplazma gelişiminde önemli role sahip olabilir. Anahtar kelimeler: HPV-16; invazyon; matriks metalloproteinazlar; metastaz; uterus servikal neoplazi