Self-talk is the process by which an individual may guide him/herself to accomplish a goal. Positive self-talk relates to the ability to overcome negative thinking. Those who practice positive self-talk are more likely not to suffer from negative thoughts. The present study aimed to examine the effect of self-talk on intervarsity male volleyball players' performance. For this purpose, we selected n=84 players with an age range between 18-25 (mean age =23.7±2.05) from all Pakistan Volleyball intervarsity competitions 2019-2020. The study of results convinced that the majority of athletes strongly agreed that positive self-talk had a significant optimistic effect on their performances and reduced negative feelings and emotions before and during competition. It has been exhibited that self-talk increments in recurrence as the event progresses to be more challenging or competitive.

Referees and officials are a very important part of competitive sports not only because of their impact on players' behaviors and game outcomes but also because they ensure that competitions are conducted safely according to specific rules of the game. The current study sought to evaluate the relationship of these various levels to perform in numerous aspects of officiating. A second purpose was to evaluate proposed sources of referee efficacy as predictors of referee efficacy levels and performance. Football referees (n=100) who were officially members of different sports playing departments of Pakistan included HEC, completed a survey questionnaire that measured the experience as an official. Categories of Football Referees were divided into three groups of age, 25-35, 36-45 and 46-55. The result reported that the age category of 46-55 years old football referees had an optimal level of self-efficacy than other age categories 25-35 and 36-45.