The purpose of this study is to thoroughly and multi-dimensionally examine the experiences, historical understandings, views, and opinions of a group of social studies teacher candidates regarding the subject of making history. This study was conducted as a case study design. The sample of this study consisted of ten teacher candidates selected using convenient sampling and purposive sampling. The data were collected from the focus group interviews conducted with two homogenous groups and observer journal. The data were analyzed using content analysis technique. Findings of the current research revealed that oral history studies made significant contributions providing social studies teacher candidates with the skill of thinking and working like a historian. It was also found out that oral history studies helped teacher candidates develop an empathetic bond with people who are research subjects, and improved their historical knowledge, general culture and their interest in local history.

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In today's society, the perception of women's identity still highlights children as an important criterion. After a child was born, breast-feeding the child is the most important expectation from a mother. Although the importance of breast-feeding for a child is beyond doubt, it is observed that, at certain periods of history, wet nurses were employed sometimes indispensably and sometimes arbitrarily. When hiring a wet nurse, certain qualifications were sought; not every woman with milk could be a wet nurse. One of the considerations about wet nursing in the present study is to try to approach the matter critically in view of wet nurses' own children because sometimes they were not always able to take their own children with them. This situation caused such children to remain away from their mothers or to be delivered to other wet nurses. It is one of the facts identified, however, that although wet nursing involved certain problems, it still had positive influences on the feeding and health of infants. The present study assessed and evaluated wet nursing in the Ottomans and in different cultures from all aspects primarily based on first-hand sources about it.

Özet: Bu çalışmada, Osmanlı toplumu içerisinde yaşayan sağır, dilsiz ve âmâların yaşamış oldukları ekonomik ve sosyal sıkıntılar arşiv belgeleri ışığında irdelenmektedir. Osmanlı Devleti'nde 19. yüzyıla kadar iyi bir şekilde işleyen vakıflar ve imaretler çerçevesindeki refah sistemi işlevini kaybetmeye başlayınca yoksulların korunması merkezî devletin faaliyet ve yetki alanına girmeye başlamıştı. Sosyal devlet olgusunun Osmanlı Devleti'nde yer edinmeye başlaması ile de devlet ihtiyaç sahiplerine çeşitli yollarla destek olmaya başlamıştır. Devletin destek verdiği ihtiyaç sahipleri arasında sağır, dilsiz ve âmâlar da vardır. Toplum içerisinde yaşamını devam ettirmeye çalışan sağır, dilsiz ve âmâlar en büyük sıkıntıyı ekonomik anlamda çekiyorlardı. Sağır, dilsiz ve âmâlar, ekonomik sıkıntıların yanı sıra gündelik hayatlarında da tecavüz olayları, iş kazaları, faili meçhul cinayetler gibi birtakım talihsiz olaylarla karşılaşmışlardır. Bu olayları yaşamalarının en büyük sebebi de şüphesiz insanların birçoğunun sağır, dilsiz ve âmâların varlığını kabul edip onlarla birlikte yaşayabilme düşüncesini kabullenememeleridir. Yaşamış oldukları hayat bunu açıkça gözler önüne sermektedir.Anahtar Kelimeler: Osmanlı Devleti, Sağır, Dilsiz, Âmâ Abstract: Relying on the Ottoman archival documents, this study examines the social and economic problems deaf, dumb and blind people encountered in the Ottoman Empire. As the Ottoman welfare system of charities and poorhouses weakened in the nineteenth century, central state authority had to step in to help and protect the poor and the disabled including deaf, dumb and blind people. The article presents that the economic challenges were the greatest suffering of these people.