With the advances in information technology (IT) criminals are using cyberspace to commit numerous cyber crimes. Cyber infrastructures are highly vulnerable to intrusions and other threats. Physical devices and human intervention are not sufficient for monitoring and protection of these infrastructures; hence, there is a need for more sophisticated cyber defense systems that need to be flexible, adaptable and robust, and able to detect a wide variety of threats and make intelligent real-time decisions. Numerous bio-inspired computing methods of Artificial Intelligence have been increasingly playing an important role in cyber crime detection and prevention. The purpose of this study is to present advances made so far in the field of applying AI techniques for combating cyber crimes, to demonstrate how these techniques can be an effective tool for detection and prevention of cyber attacks, as well as to give the scope for future work.

No abstract

Abstract. A syllogism, also known as a rule of inference, is a formal logical scheme used to draw a conclusion from a set of premises. In a categorical syllogisms, every premise and conclusion is given in form a of quantified relationship between two objects. The syllogistic system consists of systematically combined premises and conclusions to so called figures and moods. The syllogistic system is a theory for reasoning, developed by Aristotle, who is known as one of the most important contributors of the western thought and logic. Since Aristotle, philosophers and sociologists have successfully modelled human thought and reasoning with syllogistic structures. However, a major lack was that the mathematical properties of the whole syllogistic system could not be fully revealed by now. To be able to calculate any syllogistic property exactly, by using a single algorithm, could indeed facilitate modelling possibly any sort of consistent, inconsistent or approximate human reasoning. In this paper we present such an algorithm.

A categorical syllogism is a rule of inference, consisting of two premisses and one conclusion. Every premiss and conclusion consists of dual relationships between the objects M, P, S. Logicians usually use only true syllogisms for deductive reasoning. After predicate logic had superseded syllogisms in the 19 th century, interest on the syllogistic system vanished. We have analysed the syllogistic system, which consists of 256 syllogistic moods in total, algorithmically. We have discovered that the symmetric structure of syllogistic figure formation is inherited to the moods and their truth values, making the syllogistic system an inherently symmetric reasoning mechanism, consisting of 25 true, 100 unlikely, 6 uncertain, 100 likely and 25 false moods. In this contribution, we discuss the most significant statistical properties of the syllogistic system and define on top of that the fuzzy syllogistic system. The fuzzy syllogistic system allows for syllogistic approximate reasoning inductively learned M, P, S relationships.

Dünya ve Türkiye gündemine 2019 yılı sonu itibariyle giren Covid-19 salgınının etkisi halen devam etmektedir. Salgının kontrol altına alınması ve günlük hayata ilişkin asgari yaşam şartlarının sağlanması, ülkelerin gündemlerini meşgul etmektedir. Söz konusu salgın başta ekonomi olmak üzere, sosyal hayat ve eğitim alanlarında etkisini göstermiştir. Eğitim alanında yaşanan problemlerin üstesinden gelebilmek için ülkeler bazında farklı politikalar uygulanmış, uzaktan eğitim planlamaları yapılmıştır. Bu çalışma, gelişmiş ülkelerin salgın sürecindeki eğitim uygulamalarını, uzaktan eğitim planlanması ve yönetim yaklaşımları temelinde ele almaktadır. Çalışmaya kaynaklık edecek örneklem büyük olduğu için gelişmiş ülkelerden beş tanesi (Almanya, Belçika, Fransa, İngiltere, Kanada) seçilerek sınırlar belirlenmiştir. Çalışmaya ait veriler kaynak tarama (Alan Araştırması) yöntemi ile elde edilmiştir. Araştırma sürecinde istenen bilgilere ulaşmak için ikincil veri kaynakları (istatistikler, kitaplar, raporlar, makale, gazete, belge, tutanak) kullanılmıştır.