Hydatid disease is a zoonotic infectious disease for which there are known treatment procedures and effective antibiotics; however, there are resistant cases that do not respond to medication or surgery. We report a case diagnosed as hydatid disease of the chest wall and treated with radiation therapy (RT) after medical and surgical therapy had failed. In conclusion, RT represents an alternative treatment modality in resistant cases.

Background: Many noninvasive methods, including amino transaminase (AST)/amino transaminase (ALT) ratio (AAR), AST-to-platelet ratio index (APRI), Bonacini cirrhosis discriminant score (CDS), fibrosis-4 (FIB4) index, and age-platelet index (API), have been described to determine the stage of hepatic fibrosis. However, these methods are developed for patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and produce conflicting results in the prediction of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between 7 noninvasive models, including AAR, APRI, CDS, API, FIB-4, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and red cell distribution width (RDW)-to-platelet ratio (RPR) in patients with CHB. Methods: The study population included all patients with CHB, undergoing liver biopsy to determine HBsAg and HBV DNA positivity in more than 6 months. Results: A total of 2520 treatment-naive CHB patients from 40 different centers were included in the study. In total, 62.6% of the patients were male, and the mean age

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ÖZObjective: In this study, the effects of genotypic differences on the clinical course of the disease, response to treatment and fibrosis were investigated in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Materials and Methods: Ninety-nine chronic HCV-infected patients and 95 controls were enrolled. The patients received pegylated interferon (PegIFN) + ribavirin (RBV) for 48 weeks and followed up for the next 48 weeks. Aspartate aminotransferase/platelet ratio index was used to determine the stage of liver fibrosis. DNA specimens were extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells and the interleukin (IL) 28B gene rs12979860, rs12980275, and rs8099917 were genotyped by the immune polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method.

Objectives: Currently pegylated interferon alpha (peg-IFN) and ribavirin treatment is recommended for chronic hepatitis C treatment. The aim of treatment is to provide sustained viral response (SVR). Material and methods:A total of 125 patients, who have been treated for chronic hepatitis C diagnosis and are followed up until 6 months after treatment, were enrolled into the study. Markers, which have indicated treatment response against hepatitis C virus treatment, treatment responses according to peg-IFNα type used, and experienced side effects in patients have been compared. Results:Of patients, 103 were (82.4%) female and 22 were (17.6%) male and mean of age was 54.74±7.93 years. Markers indicating SVR in our study were calculated as rapid viral response (RVR) (p<0.001); early viral response (EVR) (p<0.001); high baseline thrombocyte (x10 3 / µl) value (240,93 ± 75,61) (p<0.004); baseline total bilirubin level (0.55±0.19) (p<0.001) and hepatic fibrosis stage (according to Knodell or modified ISHAK staging >2) (p<0.034). Predictive parameters for EVR in our study were defined as absence of diabetes in patients, high baseline lymphocyte numbers (2024.74±625.93) and high baseline cholesterol level (in EVR positive patients 180.47±32.77 mg/dl; in EVR negatives 152.00±24.56). There was no statistical difference between peg-IFN type in patients and RVR, EVR and SVR. Also there was no statistical difference in hematological side effects (neutropenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia) in both treatment groups. Conclusions:As the efficacy of treatment against HCV is defined, predictive markers for the treatment response are becoming more significant. Therefore, it is concluded that these factors should also be considered in patient treatment plans. J Microbiol Infect Dis 2012; 2(3): 100-108 Hepatit C virüs tedavi yanıtını önceden gösteren belirteçler ve tedavi yanıtlarının değerlendirilmesiÖZET Amaç: Kronik hepatit C tedavisi için günümüzde pegile interferon alfa (peg-IFN) ve ribavirin tedavisi önerilmektedir. Tedavide amaç kalıcı viral yanıt (KVY) elde etmektir. Gereç ve yöntem: Bu çalışmaya Kronik hepatit C tanısıyla tedavi verilen ve tedavi bitiminden 6 ay sonrasına kadar izlenen 125 hasta dahil edildi. Hastalarımızda Hepatit C virüsüne tedavi yanıtını önceden gösteren belirteçler ve tedavide kullanılan peg-IFNα türüne göre tedavi yanıtları ve oluşan yan etkiler karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: Hastaları 103 kadın (%82,4), 22'si erkek (%17,6)'di ve yaş ortalaması 54,74±7,93 idi. Çalışmamızda KVY'yi önceden gösteren belirteçler olarak; Hızlı viral yanıt (HVY) (p<0.001), Erken viral yanıt (EVY) (p<0.001), başlangıç PLT (x103 / µl) değerinin yüksek olması (240, 93 ± 75, 61 ) (p<0.004), başlangıç total bilürubin düzeyi (0,55±0,19) (p<0.001) ve karaciğer fibrozis evresi (Knodell veya modifiye ISHAK evrelemesine göre >2) (p<0.034) olarak saptanmıştır. Çalışmamızda EVY'i önceden tahmin ettiren parametreler olarak; hastalarda DM olmaması, başlangıç lenfosit düzeyinin yüksekliği (2024,74±625,93) ve başlangıç kolesterol düzeyi yüksekli...