Objective: During functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS), sufficient control of bleeding is essential in order to increase the visibility in the operative field and reduce the risk of injury to the optic nerve or internal carotid artery. However, choosing the ideal agent is still a controversial topic. The aim of this study is to compare the effects and possible side effects of remifentanil and dexmedetomidine for controlled hypotension in FESS.Methods: Fifty ASA I-II patients, aged between 18-60 years, undergoing elective FESS, were included. Patients were randomly assigned into two groups (n=25) as Group R (remifentanil infusion, 0.25 mcg kg -1 h -1 ) and Group D (dexmedetomidine infusion, 0.2-0.7 mcg kg -1 min -1 ). The duration of anesthesia, surgery and controlled hypotension, total drug doses, dryness of the surgical area, recovery time, side effects, liver and kidney function analyses were recorded. Results:There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in operation time, duration of anesthesia and controlled hypotension time. Group R and D were similar in average SpO 2 , dryness, arterial blood pressure, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine at all measurement times. Heart rate was lower in Group D than Group R at the time of extubation and 5, 10, 15, 20, 30. min after extubation (p<0.05). Mean recovery time of Group D was longer than Group R (p<0.001).Conclusion: Based on the side effect scores, visualisation results of surgical area, liver or renal functions; both dexmedetomidine and remifentanil provided adequate, safe, controlled hypotensive anesthesia. However, dexmedetomidine was associated with significantly longer recovery time period compared with remifentanil.Amaç: Fonksiyonel endoskopik sinüs cerrahisi (FESS) sırasında kanamanın kontrol altına alınması; cerrahi alandaki görüşün artması ile birlikte, optik sinir veya internal karotis arteri gibi önemli yapıların yaralanması riskini de azaltmaktadır. Ancak, bu amaç için ideal ajan seçimi tartışmalı bir konu olmaya devam etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, FESS için kontrollü hipotansiyon uygulamalarında remifentanil ile deksmedetomidinin etkinlikleri ile gelişebilecek yan etkilerinin karşılaştırılmaası amaçlanmıştır.Yöntemler: Çalışmaya, elektif FESS cerrahisi geçirecek, ASA I-II, 18-60 yaş arasında 50 hasta dahil edildi. Hastalar randomize olarak, Grup R (remifentanil infüzyonu, 0,25 mcg kg -1 s -1 , n=25) ve Grup D (deksmedetomidin infüzyonu, 0,2-0,7 mcg kg -1 dk -1 ) olarak iki gruba ayrıldı. İlaç enjeksiyonundan, hedeflenen kan basıncının oluşmasına kadar geçen süre, anestezi ve cerrahi süreleri, verilen toplam ilaç miktarı, cerrahi sahanın kuruluğu, derlenme süresi, yan etkiler ile karaciğer ve böbrek işlevlerine ait değerler kaydedildi. Bulgular: Gruplar arasında anestezi, cerrahi işlem süresi ve kontrollü hipotansiyon süresi bakımından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark yoktu. Ortalama periferik oksijen satürasyonu, cerrahi sahanın kuruluğu, kan basınçları,...
aIM: Laboratory training models are essential for developing and refining treatment skills before the clinical application of surgical and invasive procedures. A simple simulation model is needed for young trainees to learn how to handle instruments, and to perform safe lumbar transforaminal epidural injections. Our aim is to present a model of a fresh cadaveric sheep lumbar spine that simulates the lumbar transforaminal epidural injection. MaterIaL and MetHOds:The material consists of a 2-year-old fresh cadaveric sheep spine. A 4-step approach was designed for lumbar transforaminal epidural injection under C-arm scopy.resuLts: For the lumbar transforaminal epidural injection, the fluoroscope was adjusted to get a proper oblique view while the material was stabilized in a prone position. The procedure then begin, using the C-arm guidance scopy. BuLguLar: Lomber transforaminal epidural enjeksiyon için fluoroskopi, materyal prone pozisyonda sabitlenmiş iken tamamıyla eğimli bir görüntü almak için ayarlandı. Prosedüre C-kollu skopi kullanılarak başlandı. sOnuÇ: Modelde insan omurgasındaki standart lomber transforaminal epidural enjeksiyonun basamakları iyi stimüle edilir. Kadavratik koyun omurgası eğitim için iyi bir metodu temsil eder ve insan omurgasında yapılan lomber transforaminal epidural steroid enjekte etme prosedürlerinin taklit eder.
Summary Objectives ÖzetAmaç: Kanser tedavisinde sık sık venöz giriş yapılması, tedavinin uzun süreli olması, sklerozan ajanların kullanılması ve fazla miktarda s ıvı verilmesi nedeni ile son yıllarda tedavilerinin uygulanmasında santral venöz giriş araçlarının rolü artmıştır. Kemoterapi portları göğüs veya koldaki ven içersine cerrahi olarak yerleştirilen ince, yumuşak, plastik tüplerdir. Port kateteri bü-yük ölçülere sahip değildir ve oldukça fazla avantaj sağlamaktadır. Bununla birlikte kateterlerin enfeksiyon, tromboz, mekanik bozukluk, pnömotoraks ve arteriyel yaralanma gibi riskleri vardır.
Grade 5 spondylolisthesis or spondyloptosis is a rare condition. Generally, the surgical management of spondyloptosis includes multi-staged procedures instead of one-staged procedures. One-stage treatment for spondyloptosis is very rare. A 15-year-old girl with L5-S1 spondyloptosis was admitted with severe low back pain. There was no history of trauma. The patient underwent L5 laminectomy, L5-S1 discectomy, resection of sacral dome, reduction, L3-L4-L5-S1 pedicular screw fixation, and interbody-posterolateral fusion through the posterior approach. The reduction was maintained with bilateral L5-S1 discectomy, resection of the sacral dome, and transpedicular instrumentation from L3 to S1. In this particular case, one-staged approach was adequate for the treatment of L5-S1 spondyloptosis. One-staged surgery using the posterior approach may be adequate for the treatment of L5-S1 spondyloptosis while avoiding the risks inherent in anterior approaches.
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