To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study of GCA algorithm reproducibility in normal, OHT and glaucomatous eyes. The reproducibility of GC-IPL thickness measurements using the Cirrus HD-OCT GCA algorithm was found to be highly satisfactory. GC-IPL thickness may be a promising new OCT parameter for analysis of ganglion cell damage in glaucoma.

ABSTRACT.Purpose: To evaluate the visual field rate of progression of patients with treated ocular hypertension (OHT) and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in clinical practice, using the mean deviation (MD) and the visual field index (VFI). Methods: Non-interventional cohort study. From a large multicentre database representative of the French population, 441 eyes of 228 patients with treated OHT or POAG followed up at least 6 years with Humphrey 24.2 Sita-Standard visual field examination at least twice a year were identified. From initial data, eyes were classified in five groups: 121 with OHT, 188 with early glaucoma (MD greater than À6 dB), 45 with moderate glaucoma (MD À6 to À12 dB), 41 with advanced glaucoma (MD À12 to À18 dB) and 46 with severe glaucoma (MD less than À18 dB). Rate of progression during the follow-up period was calculated using the trend analysis of the Guided Progression Analysis software. Results: The mean duration of follow-up was 8.4 AE 2.7 years and the mean number of visual field, 18.4 AE 3.5. In eyes with OHT, rate of progression was À0.09 dB/year (À0.17%VFI/year). In eyes with POAG, rate of progression was À0.32 dB/year (À0.83%VFI/year) in eyes with early glaucoma, À0.52 dB/ year (À1.81%VFI/year) in moderate glaucoma, À0.54 dB/year (À2.35%VFI/ year) in advanced glaucoma and À0.45 dB/year (À1.97%VFI/year) in severe glaucoma. In eyes with POAG, a significant progression (p < 0.05) was detected in 159 of 320 eyes (49.7%) with trend analysis and 117 of 320 eyes (36.6%, likely progression) or 183 of 320 eyes (57.2%, possible and likely progression) with event analysis.Conclusions: Primary open-angle glaucoma is a progressive disease in the majority of patients despite cautioned treatment and follow-up. The rate of progression varies greatly among subjects.

Purpose. The aim of this study was to evaluate pressure increases after intravitreal injections (IVI) and the interest in using prophylactic pressure-lowering medications. 
Methods. This was a prospective study of 250 anti-vascular endothelial growth factor IVI (ranibizumab) divided into 5 groups of 50 IVI (group 1: no intraocular pressure [IOP]-lowering medication; group 2: apraclonidine 1%; group 3: acetazolamide; group 4: fixed association brimonidine + timolol; group 5: fixed association dorzolamide + timolol). The IOP was measured before, immediately after (T1), 15 minutes after (T15), and 45 minutes after (T45) the IVI using a tonometer. The data were analyzed by analysis of variance followed by a Bonferroni as post hoc test if necessary.
Results. The mean IOP peak in group 1 was 46.4±10 mmHg at T1, 21.7±10.2 mmHg at T15, and 15.4±8.6 mmHg at T45. It was not correlated with axial length (r=0.04, p=0.81) or lens status (phakic vs pseudophakic: p=0.88). A mild but significant correlation was found with age (r=0.36, p=0.006). Topical medications produced a significant reduction of IOP at every time point, of around 9 mmHg at T1. The reduction in IOP obtained with acetazolamide was not significant at T1 (-1.6 mmHg, p=0.12), but became significant at T15 and T45 (p=0.011 and p=0.015). 
Conclusions. Intraocular pressure spike was high but transient. Topical medications, however, produced a significant reduction in IOP spike as well as in the duration of the increased pressure. It would be advisable to prevent this IOP spike, especially when procedures are repeated, notably in patients with glaucoma.

Purpose To evaluate ocular phototoxicity in mountaineer guide in Chamonix, France, exposed to altitude characterized by increased ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Methods 96 guides working and 90 subjects living in plains, older than 50 years, replied to a questionnaire assessing altitude exposure and wearing protective eyewear. We performed slit lamp examination after pupil dilatation, retinal photography (Topcon) and crystalline lens density analysis (Oculyzer®, Alcon). Student t‐test was used to compare the groups and logistic regression to evaluate risks factors in guides group. Results Guides mean age was 59.8years and 59.1 for control (p=0.39). Guides developed more chronic blepharitis (52.1% vs. 10.6%, p<0.01), pterygium (8.9% vs. 0%, p<0.01), pinguecula (58.3% vs. 21.7%, p<0.001). Their corneal break up time was shorter (4.5secs vs. 7secs, p<0.01). Guides presented more cortical cataract (p<0.01) and cataract surgery (p=0.01). Only 61.5% guides had normal ocular fundus vs. 81.1% in control group (p<0.01). They developed more drusenoid deposit (27.2% vs. 15.6%, p<0.01). Guides group analysis showed that exposure superior to 3000m is risk factor to develop anterior cortical cataract (OR=1.16, p<0.01). Exposition to snow increases risk of maculopathy (OR=1.9, p<0.01). Questionnaire reveals discontinuous eye protection in medium altitude. Wearing ski mask reduces cataract, age related maculopathy and chronic blepharitis risk. Conclusion Ocular findings highlight the higher incidence of ocular surface pathology, anterior cortical lens opacities and drunenoid deposits. This data emphasize the potential deleterious role of UVs and importance to wear sunglasses even in low to medium altitude but also when climbing.