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Background Antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) was described in kidney transplant patients after viral infections, such as the cytomegalovirus. Very few cases were recently reported after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, probably in the context of lowering of immunosuppressive therapy. To date, no direct immunological link was proved to explain a connection between the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) infection and antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) if it exists. Case presentation Here we try to find this association by presenting the case of a low immunological risk patient who presented, six years post-transplant, with c4d negative antibody mediated rejection due to an anti-HLA-C17 de novo donor specific antibody (DSA) after contracting the coronavirus disease 19. The HLA-Cw17 activated the antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity via the KIR2DS1 positive NK cells. Discussion and conclusions This case report may prove a direct role for COVID-19 infection in AMRs in the kidney transplant recipients, leading us to closely monitor kidney transplant recipients, especially if they have “at-risk” donor antigens.

Background: Testicular tumors constitute a rare type of cancer affecting adolescents and young adults with recent reports confirming an increase in incidence worldwide. The purpose of this study was to estimate the epidemiological characteristics and histological subtypes of testicular tumors in the Lebanese population according to the WHO classification of testicular and paratesticular tumors. Materials and Methods: In this single institutional retrospective study, all patients diagnosed with a testicular tumor in Hotel-Dieu de France Hospital University in Beirut between 1992 and 2014 were enrolled. The age, subtype based on the 2004 WHO classification and body side of tumor were analyzed. Results: A total of two hundred and forty-four (244) patients diagnosed with a testicular tumor in our institution were included in the study. Two hundred and one patients (82.4% of all testicular tumors) had germ cell tumors (TGCT). Among TGCT, 50% were seminomatous tumors, 48% non-seminomatous tumors (NST) and 2% were spermatocytic seminomas. The NST were further divided into mixed germ cell tumors (63.9%), embryonic carcinomas (18.6%), teratomas (15.4%) and yolk sac tumors (2.1%). The mean age for testicular tumors was 32 years. The mean age for germ cell tumors was 31 years and further subtypes such as seminomatous tumors had a mean age of 34 years, 28 years in non-seminomatous tumors and 56 years in spermatocytic seminoma. Patients with right testicular tumor were the predominant group with 55% of patients. Three patients (1.2%) presented with bilateral tumors. Conclusions: The distribution of different subgroups and the mean age for testicular tumors proved comparable to most countries of the world except for some Asian countries. Germ cell tumors are the most common subtype of testicular tumors with seminomatous tumors being slightly more prevalent than non-seminomatous tumors in Lebanese patients.