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Background: Clopidogrel, is a thienopyridine derivative labeled for use to prevent thrombosis after coronary artery stenting. Pharmacokinetics of clopidogrel is studied indirectly by quantification of carboxylic acid which is a major metabolite of Clopidogrel. Objective: The aim of this work is to develop and validate a rapid, simple and sensitive LC/MS/MS assay method for the determination of Clopidogrel carboxylic acid in human plasma using Clopidogrel-D4-carboxylic acid as internal standard. Methods: Analytes was extracted from 200 μl of plasma by a simple liquid-liquid extraction using diethyl ether – n-hexane (80:20, v/v). The chromatographic separations were achieved on a C18 column using Methanol, de-ionized water and formic acid as a mobile phase at flow rate of 0.5 ml/minute. Analysis was monitored by multiple reactions monitoring mode based on m/z transition of 308.10→113 for Clopidogrel carboxylic acid and 312.10→129 for internal standard. Result: The method had a total run time of about 4 minutes. The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) was 25 ng/ml showing good linearity over the working range of 25 – 3000 ng/ml (r ≥ 0.999). The intra- and inter day accuracies were 90% - 98% and 92.138% - 96.889% respectively (deviation within acceptable range ≤ 10%).Conclusion: It was shown that this method is suitable for pharmacokinetic study following oral administration of Clopidogrel and can be successfully applied to the therapeutic drug monitoring of Clopidogrel in Clopidogrel-treated patients

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Background and Objectives: Iron deficiency anemia, is common in pregnant women. The global prevalence of anemia in pregnancy (AIP) is estimated as 41.8% and in more than 80% of countries in the world, the prevalence of AIP estimated at 29%. AIP is associated with increased maternal, neonatal and perinatal mortality, low birth weight, premature birth, and delayed child development. This study aimed to assess the effect of applying WHO-UNICEF guidelines for AIP control at Hodeida city, Yemen. Methods: Facility based interventional prospective study had conducted in 17 health centers of Hodeida city which had randomly distributed to 8 experimental and 9 control health centers, selecting 250 pregnant women from experimental health centers and equal number from control ones. Experimental health centers had intervened through training on, and managing pregnant women for anemia according WHO-UNICEF guidelines while pregnant women at control health centers had managed according health centers own approaches. Pregnant women at both types’ health centers had followed 3 times till labor for Hb response, pregnancy and labor courses and complications. Data statistically analyzed using SPSS program (Version 22) including descriptive statistics, t test for examining the difference in means of Hb response, pregnancy and labor complications among the experimental and control groups Results: The study revealed statistically significant 20% higher Hb improvement rate in experimental group compared with control group on applying WHO – UNICEF guidelines for AIP control at primary health centers(P = 0.00, t= 4.27). Also, statistically significant decrease of pregnancy complications (P = 0.02, t= -2.445) and labor complications (P = 0.001, t= -3.472) had been reached on applying the protocol. Conclusion: Applying WHO – UNICEF guidelines for AIP control at primary health centers improved Hb response and decreased antenatal and natal complications. Key words: Anemia, Pregnancy, Guidelines, Assessment.