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Four barbiturates (barbital, allobarbital, phenobarbital and butalbital) were analysed using high-speed analytical countercurrent chromatography (HSACCC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) interfaced with mass spectrometry, using negative mode atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation (APCI). The polar biphasic solvent system of butyronitrile/acetonitrile/water (1:1:1) was used, in the upper-stationary, lower-mobile mode of operation, at a flow rate of 1 mL/min and a rotational speed of 1200 rpm, equating to an applied "g"-field of 177 g. The fractional stationary phase retention (S(F)) was 0.58. Representative mass spectral data are presented from the HPLC and the HSACCC analyses. Structural information was obtained using source-induced fragmentation at increased source block voltages. The effect of increasing g-field on chromatographic resolution is illustrated using the binary base system of butyronitrile/water (1:1), under electrospray ionisation.

Oroxylum indicum (O. indicum) is widely used as a medicinal plant in China and Japan. The seeds are used as the crude drug ''Mu Hu DIE'' in China. Flavonoids are present in the seeds of O. indicum. The composition of an ethyl acetate extract of the seeds of O. indicum is completed using high speed analytical counter current chromatography and preparative high-speed countercurrent chromatography (HSCCC). The HSCCC separation of the extract used a solvent system of hexane=ethyl acetate=methanol=water. Optimal distribution coefficients (K D ) were determined by use of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). An HPLC method was developed to analyse the extract. Using an isocratic elution, effective CCC separation of three components was achieved. A step-gradient elution was then developed that produced a faster separation with better resolution. Separation of the components was achieved using 20 mg of extract, and the peaks were examined by LC-MS and NMR. The flavonoids, chrysin, and baicalein, were identified. Another flavonoid, possibly baicalein-7-o-glucoside was suspected.

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