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This paper proposes a method for comparing and evaluating anti-windup proportional-integral (PI) control strategies. The so-called PI plane is used and its coordinate is composed of the error and the integral state. In addition, an anti-windup PI controller with integral state prediction is proposed. The anti-windup scheme can be easily analyzed and evaluated on the PI plane in detail. Representative anti-windup methods are experimentally applied to the speed control of a vector-controlled induction motor driven by a pulse width modulated (PWM) voltage-source inverter (VSI). The experimental results compare the anti-windup PI controllers. It is empathized that the initial value of the integral state at the beginning of the linear range dominates the control performance in terms of overshoot and settling time.

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Since the reference signal based on the fixed reference range is used in the range migration algorithm (RMA), the RMA is not available to process an airborne squint-mode spotlight synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data. Thus, the modified reference signal to transform a squint-mode data to a broadside-mode data is introduced on the basis of the coordinate transformation and the extended Taylor approximation. Then, using the principle of the stationary phase, the presented formulation is analysed. Moreover, to compensate curvature errors, the proposed method is extended on the basis of the subarea technique. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated by some numerical simulations via a pulsed spotlight SAR simulator.

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