Purpose: This methodological study was conducted to develop and test a cultural competence scale for nursing students. Methods: Based on the five constructs of cultural competency identified in the conceptual analysis of Suh, 76 items for the tool were derived initially. These items were reduced to 58 items after content validity tests (two times) by 6 multicultural experts. Data collected from 526 nursing students were utilized to test the validity and reliability of the preliminary tool. Item analysis, factor analysis, Pearson correlation coefficients, and Cronbach's alpha were used for the analysis. Results: Twenty-seven items were selected for the final scale, and categorized into 5 factors explaining 62.1% of the total variance. Cronbach's alpha was .91 and the reliability of the subscales ranged from .76 to .91. Criterion validity between the developed tool and empathy (r=.26, p < .001) was significant. Conclusion: The results show that this scale can provide scientific and empirical data when evaluating the effectiveness of school curriculums or multicultural empowerment programs regarding cultural competence of nursing students.

This study shows that the Korean SSCI-8 is a unidimensional model, even though it includes items of both enacted and internalized stigma. It is both reliable and valid for assessing stigma among Korean patients with neurological disease.

This quasi-experimental study examined the effects of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) to control depression, anger, and self-control in soldiers from South Korea. Using a pretest-posttest design, the sample was composed of an experimental group (n = 16) and a control group (n = 12). The experimental group participated in four sessions of CBT. No significant differences were found between the groups with regard to demographic characteristics. Changes in the variables after the intervention were analyzed using Wilcoxon's signed-rank sum test. The depression scores decreased significantly after the intervention (z = -3.05, p = 0.002); whereas, the scores of state-trait anger and self-control did not change. In the control group, none of the outcome variable scores changed significantly. The results indicate that the developed CBT program might be an effective modality to decrease the depression of soldiers who are in military service.

This study was conducted to analyze the effects of parenting programs for children with disabilities through meta-regression analysis of experimental studies published in Korea. Twenty-two studies with a randomized or non-randomized control group prepost test design were included in the analysis. Parenting programs had a significant effect on parenting stress (ES= -1.08, p <.001, I 2 =67.4%), parenting efficacy (ES=0.72, p <.001, I 2 =58.0%) and self-esteem (ES=0.58, p =.016, I 2 =0). The meta-regression analysis showed that research designs and therapy providers had different effects on dependent variables. Results support that parenting programs are helpful for parents of children with disabilities in reducing parenting stress and improving parenting efficacy, and self-esteem.

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