-This paper presents an efficient approach for solving economic dispatch (ED) problems with nonconvex cost functions using a 'Mean-Variance Optimization (MVO)' algorithm with KuhnTucker condition and swap process. The aim of the ED problem, one of the most important activities in power system operation and planning, is to determine the optimal combination of power outputs of all generating units so as to meet the required load demand at minimum operating cost while satisfying system equality and inequality constraints. This paper applies Kuhn-Tucker condition and swap process to a MVO algorithm to improve a global minimum searching capability. The proposed MVO is applied to three different nonconvex ED problems with valve-point effects, prohibited operating zones, transmission network losses, and multi-fuels with valve-point effects. Additionally, it is applied to the large-scale power system of Korea. The results are compared with those of the state-of-the-art methods as well.

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Home appliances used in daily life take major portion of residential electricity consumption. The recent evolution of those to having network connectivity and higher intelligence brought an opportunity to handle them as new controllable demand side resources, which are called smart appliances. The smart appliances can be used for spinning reserve as well as load reduction and/or shifting without giving too much inconvenience to users. In this paper, home appliances in Korea are assumed to be replaced to smart appliances gradually depending on scenarios. Then, California test is applied to analyze the effectiveness and economic impact of smart appliance penetration from a societal perspective.

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