Odontogenic keratocysts are benign intraosseous tumors of odontogenic origin that occur most commonly in the jaw. In particular, they have a predilection for the angle and ascending ramus of the mandible. In contrast, odontogenic keratocysts arising in the maxillary sinus are relatively rare. Two such cases are reported herein. In addition, the English literature that concerns odontogenic keratocysts of the maxillary sinus is reviewed.
Purpose : This study was performed to investigate the epidemiologic and clinical features of 13 respiratory viruses in children with acute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRIs). Methods : Nasopharyngeal aspirates were prospectively obtained from 325 children aged 15 years or less from May 2008 to April 2009 and were tested for the presence of 13 respiratory viruses by multiplex real-time-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results : Viruses were identified in 270 children (83.1%). Co-infections with ?#242; viruses were observed in 71 patients (26.3 %). Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) was the most common virus detected (33.2%), followed by human rhinovirus (hRV) (19.1%), influenza virus (Flu A) (16.9%), human metapneumovirus (hMPV) (15.4%), parainfluenza viruses (PIVs) (8.3%), human bocavirus (hBoV) (8.0%), adenovirus (ADV) (5.8%), and human coronavirus (hCoV) (2.2%). Clinical diagnoses of viral ALRIs were bronchiolitis (37.5%), pneumonia (34.5%), asthma exacerbation (20.9%), and croup (7.1%). Clinical diagnoses of viral bronchiolitis and pneumonia were frequently demonstrated in patients who tested positive for RSV, hRV, hMPV, or Flu A. Flu A and hRV were most commonly identified in children older than 3 years and were the 2 leading causes of asthma exacerbation. hRV C was detected in 14 (4.3%) children, who were significantly older than those infected with hRV A (mean±SD, 4.1±3.5 years vs. 1.7±2.3 years; P=0.009). hBoV was usually detected in young children (2.3±3.4 years) with bronchiolitis and pneumonia. Conclusion : This study described the features of ALRI associated with 13 respiratory viruses in Korean children. Additional investigations are required to define the roles of newly identified viruses in children with ALRIs
Escitalopram (ET), a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, has been utilized for the treatment of depression and anxiety. However, ET has serious side effects such as nausea, leading to an increased therapeutic dose, needing multiple administrations. Therefore, to overcome these issues, we developed ET encapsulated poly (d,l-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres (PLGA-MS) as a sustained release carrier to maintain therapeutic efficacy. The mean particle size of the PLGA-MSs was measured by microscopy. Loading efficiency was measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Morphologies were determined by microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used for thermal analysis and glass transition temperature determination. Mean particle size of the ET-loaded PLGA-MSs was 129 AE 14 μm, loading efficiency was 36.8 AE 9.1%, and encapsulation efficiency was up to 70.6 AE 6.8%. Loading efficiency and encapsulation efficiency were increased by the addition of 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid (HNA). ET was released from PLGA-MS for 4 weeks, which was longer than ET release from PLGA-MS without the addition of HNA. Taken together, we demonstrate the optimum condition for sustained release of ET from PLGA-MS with the addition of HNA, and that this approach may be useful for depression therapy.
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