The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the horticultural therapy program on patients with mild cognitive impairment and mild dementia depending on the frequency and duration of the interventions. We developed the same 15-session program to improve cognitive functions and life satisfaction and alleviate depression of the elderly women with mild cognitive impairment or mild dementia. Subjects in Longer Treatment group participated in the program once a week for 15 weeks and subjects in Shorter Tratmet group participated twice a week for 7½ weeks. This study conducted pretest-posttest verification of both groups using quasi-experimental design involving 21 subjects. Elderly life satisfaction, Geriatric Depression Scale (short form), and the Korean Version of Consortium to Establish a Registry of Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD-K) were used in the evaluation. As a result, both groups showed an increase in life satisfaction, and a decrease in depression. However, there was a significant difference in the changes of the CERAD-K scores between the two groups (p < .05). In Longer Treatment group, life satisfaction increased significantly (p < .001), and depression decreased at a marginally significant level (p = .068), but no statistically significant change was observed in neurocognitive function. In Shorter Treatment group, life satisfaction increased at a marginally significant level (p = .059), and depression and CERAD-K scores decreased significantly (p < .05). However, in the case of Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE-K), there was no significant change in both groups. According to these results, when planning a horticultural therapy program for persons with mild cognitive impairment or mild dementia, it is effective to organize and execute the program by determining the duration of intervention as 3 to 4 months or longer, even if this reduces the number of interventions per week.

It is concluded that class A PER-1 ESBL-producing A. baumannii isolates are spreading, and SHV-12-producing P. aeruginosa has emerged in Korea. The spread of class A ESBLs could compromise the future usefulness of expanded-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotics for the treatment of A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa infections.

The objective of this study was to feasibility search about horticultural therapy program focusing on cultivation with emotion promotion program for chronic schizophrenic patients according to alexithymia levels by analyzing effect on personal relationship, self-esteem and mood. This study was conducted once a week from March 26 th , 2014 to June 11 th , 2014 at health center in Haman for 10 chronic schizophrenic patients. Only heavy alexithymia group had significant decline about factor 1 (difficulty identifying feelings: F1) and factor 2 (difficulty describing feelings: F2) in TAS-20K after horticultural therapy program focusing on cultivation. And confidence, openness, and understanding scores in relationship respectively increased significant (1.4 score, 5 score, 5.4 score). In addition self-esteem increased significant score in heavy and none-heavy alexithymia group without reference to alexithymia. On the other hand, mood had not significant to both. This result showed a possibility of horticultural therapy program focusing on cultivation for chronic schizophrenic patients according to alexithymia levels as therapeutic tool.

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