Backgrounds: The severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread worldwide. Cardiac injury after SARS-CoV-2 infection is a major concern. The present study investigated impact of the biomarkers indicating cardiac injury in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on patients' outcomes. Methods: This study enrolled patients who were confirmed to have COVID-19 and admitted at a tertiary university referral hospital between February 19, 2020 and March 15, 2020. Cardiac injury was defined as an abnormality in one of the following result markers: 1) myocardial damage marker (creatine kinase-MB or troponin-I), 2) heart failure marker (N-terminal-pro B-type natriuretic peptide), and 3) electrical abnormality marker (electrocardiography). The relationship between each cardiac injury marker and mortality was evaluated. Survival analysis of mortality according to the scoring by numbers of cardiac injury markers was also performed. Results: A total of 38 patients with COVID-19 were enrolled. Twenty-two patients (57.9%) had at least one of cardiac injury markers. The patients with cardiac injuries were older (69.6 ± 14.9 vs. 58.6 ± 13.9 years old, P = 0.026), and were more male (59.1% vs. 18.8%, P = 0.013). They showed lower initial oxygen saturation (92.8 vs. 97.1%, P = 0.002) and a trend toward higher mortality (27.3 vs. 6.3%, P = 0.099). The increased number of cardiac injury markers was significantly related to a higher incidence of in-hospital mortality which was also evidenced by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis (P = 0.008). Conclusion: The increased number of cardiac injury markers is related to in-hospital mortality in patients with COVID-19.

Background: While the surgical correction of moderate aortic stenosis (AS) can be deferred with a watchful waiting according to the present guideline, the clinical outcomes for moderate AS with comorbidity have not extensively been studied. We aimed to explore the factors that would contribute to the outcomes of moderate AS with at least five years of follow-up duration. Methods: Medical records review identified patients with moderate aortic valve (AV) stenosis from January 2008 and December 2012. Echocardiographic data were gathered, and the final 5-year clinical outcomes, defined as the composite of cardiovascular (CV) death, admission for heart failure (HF) aggravation, and AV replacement, were evaluated. Results: Among 148 patients (mean age, 69.3 years; mean AV area, 1.24 cm2), 79 had adverse outcomes (16 CV deaths, 32 AV replacements, and 31 HF cases), during a mean follow-up of 5.6 years. The event group showed worse dyspnea of NYHA III-IV and a higher frequency of diabetes mellitus (DM). They had a higher frequency of moderate or moderate-to-severe functional mitral regurgitation (MR) and smaller AV area. In the multivariate analysis, DM (HR 2.29, 95% CI 1.03-5.10), moderate or moderate-to-severe MR (HR 4.84, 95% CI 1.66-10.07), and NYHA III-IV (HR 3.84, 95% CI 1.72-8.56) independently were associated with adverse outcomes. Conclusions: The symptomatic patients with moderate AS had higher events than expected, and early intervention should be considered in case of concomitant MR and DM.

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