According to modern concepts cancer is a complex dynamic system having multiple relationships with both the immediate environment and with remote nonmalignant tissues and organs. Changes in the redox balance in them can result in disruption of the normal tissue control. Understanding of the biology of redox processes in a particular tumor and its surroundings, and of their functioning mechanisms is necessary for the development of new anti-cancer strategies based on the effects on the redox state of the tumor and surrounding tissue. Thus the aim of this work was to investigate activity of enzymatic systems influencing the redox state in the tumor tissue, peritumoral area and nonmalignant tissue (taken along the line of resection) for different histological types of tumors. The data obtained showed a similar level of reduced glutathione (GSH) in tumor tissues of gastric adenocarcinoma and vulvar squamous cell carcinoma, but its dynamics in the tissues surrounding the tumor was different. In contrast to the gastric adenocarcinoma the carcinoma of the vulva had a significant level of GSH and higher activity of glutathione dependent enzymes in the tumor tissue and its peritumoral area compared with the surrounding nonmalignant tissue. The results indicate that there are differences in the functioning of the redox regulatory systems in the tumor tissue and its surrounding tissues of various histological origin and localization, possibly due to different mechanisms involved in maintenance of the redox balance in the originally nonmalignant tissue

The use of metal nanoparticles (NPs) for cancer treatment requires careful examination of their biological effects. The aim of this study was to determine parameters of oxidative processes in the blood of tumor-bearing animals treated with metallic iron NPs only. The markers of antioxidant status and accumulation of lipid peroxidation products were measured in erythrocytes and blood plasma of rats with Pliss lymphosarcoma (PLS) and intact rats. PLS animals were treated eight times with iron NPs (at a dose of 1.25 mg/kg bw (main group), rats of the control group received saline (0.3 ml). In control animals, an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) was observed in red blood cells (RBC) by 45%; this was accompanied by compensatory increase in reduced glutathione (GSH) and catalase by 24% and 14.3%, respectively (p<0.05). In plasma an increase in MDA by 167.4% (p<0.01) and a decrease in oxidase activity of ceruloplasmin (CP) by 36.8% (p<0.001) were found. In the main group there was a decrease of accumulation of lipid peroxidation products in the blood. Intensity of detected changes depended on the antitumor effect: rats with growing LSP showed a tendency to the decrease in the RBC MDA level and normalization of plasma MDA; in animals with LSP regression this marker did not differ from normal values. In all animals of the main group the CP content was basically the same as in intact rats while GSH increased in the group without therapeutic effect (by 218.6%) and in the group with the effect by 69% (versus normal values; p<0.01). SOD activity in the rats with LSP growth significantly increased (by 42%), in the rats with regression decreased (by 30%) with subsequent normalization. Thus, administration of iron NPs caused activation of the antioxidant system in blood and a significant decrease in the manifestations of oxidative stress associated with tumor growth.

Studied parameters were normal before surgery excluding serum iron and hemoglobin. Level of ferritin significantly increased by 160% and transferrin decreased by 78% in comparison with those in donors in 7 days postoperatively (p<0.05; Mann-Whitney criterion). Total iron binding capacity considerably reduced by 300%. There are significant changes of serum iron values from the 1st to the 7th days postoperatively. It is suggested the supposition about detoxication role of increased level of ferritin as one of the mechanisms explaining efficiency of intraoperative autoplasmachemotherapy.

Introduction. The application of efferent therapy (extracorporeal therapy) now becomes relevant due to the individual intolerance to various drugs, side effects of a great many of drugs, which is especially important when treating onco-gynecological pathology, often accompanied by the development of endogenous intoxication. The purpose of the study is the evaluation of the state of the system of endotoxemia in gynecological cancer patients under treatment by certain types of chemotherapy with the use of extracorporeal approaches. Material and Methods. In the blood of 86 ovarian cancer patients under a neoadjuvant intraperitoneal chemotherapy conducted on protein concentrate of ascitic fluid and neoadjuvant chemotherapy with prior plasma exchange, as well as in 16 patients with cervical cancer at chemoimmunotherapy on autologous blood there were investigated indices of endogenous intoxication, reflecting the level of endotoxins and functional state of albumin. Results. Intraperitoneal chemotherapy on ascites protein concentrate obtained with the use of filtration detoxification was established to have a considerably lower toxicity as compared with the standard procedure of intraperitoneal chemotherapy. Chemotherapy conducted on autologous media with the inclusion of ronkoleukine and reaferon eliminates the toxic effects of cytostatic agents by the restoration of the functional activity of the albumin molecule. Application of plasmapheresis before neoadjuvant polychemotherapy declines the exertion in the endotoxemia system in gynecological cancer patients. Conclusion. The use of extracorporeal methods of the therapy and body fluids as a medium for cytostatics allows to decline the level of endogenous intoxication in patients with gynecological cancer.

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