This study assessed air quality and noise parameters in Oluyole, an industrial zone in Southwest Nigeria. Twenty three sampling points were randomly selected in the industrial and residential areas, while four points control. The assessment was carried out for eight weeks each during rainy and dry seasons. A multi-gas monitor was used to determine sampling CO, SO2, H2S, and Hydrocarbon (HC), while a Personal Data RAM-1200 was used to measure suspended particulate matter (SPM). Noise levels were measured using a sound level meter, while the coordinates of sampling points were taken with a Garmin GPS. Data were subjected to descriptive analysis and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) to separate means. Selected air quality parameters varied significantly (p<0.05) for different locations and seasons. Residential and industrial areas showed significant variation in their levels of Noise, SPM and CO. SPM and H2S levels were higher during dry season while Noise, CO and Hydrocarbon levels were higher during the wet season. Levels of Noise, SPM, H2S and CO decreased with increasing distance from the industrial area but the reverse was the case for Hydrocarbon. Hence, there is a need for adoption of cleaner technologies by the industries and enforcement of environmental standards by regulatory agencies.
The assessment of heavy metal concentration (Cu, Fe, Zn, Pb, Cd, Co and Cr) and bacteriological contamination in five (5) most consumed vegetables Talinum triangulare, Celosia argentea, Vernonia amygdalina, Corchorus olitorus and Telfaria occidentalis in Abeokuta Metropolis was carried out because the consumption of vegetables on display in markets and roadsides had been associated with gastro-intestinal disorders. The vegetables were randomly purchased from six markets within the metropolis and analyzed using standard procedures involving Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS) and Standard Plate Count (SPC). The levels of heavy metals in leafy vegetables varied significantly (P < 0.05) across locations and were within World Health Organisation (WHO)/Food and Agricultural Organisation (FAO), permissible limits except for Pb and Co found in T. occidentalis, C. argentea, T. triangulare and V. amygdalina. Eleven species of bacteria including Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Microccoccus species, Staphyloccocus aureus, Klebsiella aerogenes, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Proteus mirabilis and Bacillus megaterium were isolated from the leafy vegetables. B. subtilis was the most abundant (93.3% occurrence) while B. megaterium and S. aureus were least 7 7 abundant (8% occurrence). Total colony counts of bacteria ranged from 1.51 x 10-58.50 x 10 (CFU/g) with V. amygdlina and Celosia argentea both from Elega having the lowest and highest values respectively. The levels of heavy metals and bacterial contamination in selected vegetables were found to be unsafe. Public sensitisations on hygienic handling of vegetables from production to consumption in addition to frequent safety assessment are recommended to minimize human exposure to heavy metals and bacterial pathogens.
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