Complexes based on palmitic acid and nitrogen-containing compounds (monoethanolamine and triethylenetetramine) were synthesized. The synthesized complexes were taken to react with different moles of propylene oxide (1, 2 and 3) to form propoxylated compounds (surfactants). Some of physico-chemical indices of the prepared compounds such as solubility, acid and amine numbers as well as electrical conductivity have been determined. Surface-active properties (interfacial tension) of the obtained complexes were investigated by the stalagmometric method. Surface properties studied included critical micelle concentration (CMC), maximum surface excess (C max ), and minimum surface area (A min ). Free energies of micellization (DG mic ) and adsorption (DG ads ) were calculated. Petroleumcollecting and dispersing properties of the synthesized and propoxylated complexes in diluted (5 wt.% aq. solution) and undiluted form in waters of varying salinity have been studied. FTIR spectra, C 13 and H 1 NMR spectra confirm the compound structure. ª 2013 Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute.

ABSTRACT. Monoethylolamide, diethylolamide and triethanolamine ester synthesized by us based on fish oil and their phosphate derivatives being surface-active and ecologically safe possess a high capacity of petroleum collecting and dispersing. When introducing phosphate group, a tendency to replacement of petroleum slick dispersing by its collection (accumulation into a spot) is observed. Efficiency of the chemicals change depends on the type and concentration of ions in the water. Such salts as NaCl, KI, KBr, and MgSO4 positively influence petroleum-collecting activity whereas K2CO3 and NaHCO3 cause petroleum dispersing.

Nonyl amine, octadecyl amine and aminoamide of carboxylic acid fraction of linseed oil have been propoxylated using propylene oxide and the structure and composition of obtained propoxylates confirmed by IR-spectroscopy. Tensiometric measurements made it possible to reveal high surface activity of these propoxylates. As a result of laboratory tests through the use of thin films of Ramana crude oil on the surface of distilled, fresh and sea water, a good petroleum-collecting capacity of the synthesized reagents has been determined.

By interaction of heptadecanoic acid (HDA) with propylene oxide (PO) under the catalytic action of potassium hydroxide, esters with varied content of epoxide units in the heterochain were synthesized. The identification of the final products was carried out using IR and electroconductometry methods. Tensiometric measurements made it possible to specify high surface activity of the obtained esters on the water-air interface and identify the values of critical micelle concentration (CMC). Laboratory tests revealed a good oil-collecting and oil-dispersing ability of the synthesized propoxylates with respect to environmentally harmful thin oil films on the surface of waters with a wide range of mineralization degree. The kinetics of the reaction was retraced by manometric method, the general equation of the reaction rate was received and the values of the main kinetic parameters obtained (rate orders for individual components, initial rates, rate constants, activation energy and pre-exponential factor).

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