Pulmonary-renal syndrome is a medical condition that encompasses a range of clinical symptoms that can appear in various diseases. It is identified by the occurrence of both pulmonary hemorrhage and glomerulonephritis. While this syndrome is rare in children, it can pose a medical emergency if it does occur. Goodpasture's syndrome (GPS) is one of the infrequent causes of pulmonary-renal syndrome in childhood. This article presents a case study detailing the diagnosis of Goodpasture's Syndrome in a 5-year-old pediatric patient with a medical history of nephrotic syndrome, glomerulonephritis at end-stage renal failure, and the presence of anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) antibodies. The patient was admitted to the emergency department due to hemoptysis, a hallmark symptom of this syndrome.

Mesenchymal hamartoma of the liver is a rare benign tumor, diagnosed mainly during the first two years of life. Its pathogenesis is poorly understood. Imaging plays an essential role in diagnosis and post-therapeutic follow-up. The diagnosis of certainty remains histological and the treatment is essentially surgical. We report a case of hepatic mesenchymal hamartoma diagnosed in a one-year-old infant with isolated abdominal distension. The diagnosis was evoked on imaging and confirmed after histological examination.

Prune Belly syndrome (SPB) is an extremely rare and complex anatomo-radiological entity with a clear male predominance, characterized by the triad made up of aplasia or hypoplasia of the muscles of the anterior wall of the abdomen, dilatations of the urinary tract and bilateral cryptorchidism. This condition is associated in 75% of cases with pulmonary, skeletal, cardiac and gastrointestinal malformations. There are also so-called incomplete or partial forms that are more common in females and are known as Pseudo-Prune Belly Syndrome. The evolution of this entity is characterized by several complications and the prognosis depends mainly on the severity of the renal damage as well as the presence of pulmonary hypoplasia. Imaging confirms the observed abnormalities. We report the case of a 4-year-old male child presenting with sudden onset abdominal distension evolving for 7 days prior to admission in which the clinical examination found a crumpled and loose wrinkle of the abdominal wall more marked on the right. Abdominal wall muscle hypoplasia was confirmed by abdominal ultrasound and computed tomography.

In this article we discusse the case of a 3-year-old child diagnosed with a fibroepithelial polyp of the bladder, a rare benign lesion typically found in infants and children. The child presented with hematuria, suprapubic pain, and dysuria, and an ultrasound revealed a tumor-like vesical process obstructing the left ureteral meatus and causing moderate ipsilateral hydronephrosis. The presence of vascularity on color Doppler raised concerns of a malignancy such as vesical rhabdomyosarcoma or inflammatory pseudotumor. Diagnostic and therapeutic cystoscopy revealed a left ureteral polyp, and complete resection was performed. The pathological examination suggested an inflammatory pseudopolyp, and the patient's outcome was positive. The article discusses the rarity of this condition in children, its clinical symptoms, diagnosis, and management.

Inhalation of the foreign body is a frequent cause of morbidity and mortality in the pediatric population, particularly between six months and three years. Carinary localization remains very rare and less frequently diagnosed on bronchoscopy. Clinical symptoms differ depending on the seat and degree of the obstruction, ranging from inspiratory dyspnea with cyanosis to persistent or recurrent pneumonia. Imaging, in particular the thoracic scanner, plays an essential role in the positive and topographical diagnosis and bronchoscopy remains the reference examination for therapeutic purposes. We report the case of a 13-month-old infant, admitted to the pediatric emergency department with laryngitis and cough that had been evolving for 6 days, the thoracic CT scan showed a plastic foreign body located in the carina, with discussion of the primordial role of the CT scan in its detection.