The purpose of this work is to study the optimization of an hybrid system of electricity production (solar-diesel with storage) of Biret (Mauritania) using the Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewables (HOMER) software. Indeed, it shows that the context and behavior of the chosen system is optimal. HOMER is used to present simulations in the most economical way. It is important to note that the application of HOMER (using meteorological data obtained on the site) analyses the profitability or otherwise of the technologies used in Biret and proposes a hybrid system, taking into account the economic aspects of the project. From this perspective, simulations can be carried out to obtain the best configuration of the hybrid system used for electricity production in Biret. These simulations show the economic optimization of an electricity production using a hybrid system. To this end, a pilot installation, based on this concept, was carried out in Biret. It consists of a 61.44 kw solar field and a 40 kW generating set with 2950 Ah storage system. Optimization of the pilot unit was first studied using the solar-diesel system and secondly by operating the diesel coupled to the storage system. This led to the conclusion that a slight increase in sunshine will result in a decrease in the price of Kwh. On the other hand, that any increase in the price of diesel, while maintaining the constant sunshine will lead to an increase in the price of Kwh. This makes it possible to position this paper in terms of optimal management of the hybrid electricity production system, as a first step of popularizing the photovoltaic systems in the countries of Sahel.

The reported work was motivated by the energy needs in the Mauritania region and the utility of the search features of a software system, named HOMER (Hybrid Optimization of Multiple Energy Resources), for feasibility analysis of a hybrid power generation system (HS) for the Mauritanian northern coast. This study analyzed a sample of the available wind resources to meet the energy needs of these localities, using the HOMER software with the aim to search for the best possible configuration. A configuration was sought through this work which is considered with less intermittence in the system. In addition, given the relationship noted in the study between the influence of the average wind speed and the price of diesel in liters, it was also suggested to highlight configurations that exclude storage or that may decrease the size of the fuel. This, as a supplementary feature, also allowed, for example, to justify the additional cost generated by the insertion of the diesel group. In this context, five (5) values are given for the study of the price sensitivity of the liter of diesel; these values are proposed as follows: 1.05 $/L (current), 1.08, 1.1, 1.2 and 1.5 $/L (Maximum price). In another way, to carry out the sensitivity analysis through simulations that take into account the average wind speed, the values retained (4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 m/s (maximum speed)) to deepen the study of the behavior of configurations by HOMER software. Finally, we must remember the number of kilowatthours produced that may seem insignificant to the country's energy production capacity, but these few tens or hundreds of kilowatt-hours can revive all the hope of the localities of the Mauritanian northern coast. In short, we report here some interesting findings as a result of the search carried out of resources using the HOMER system.