Treatment of production fluids to meet the requirements of the first quality group for commercial purposes is becoming more relevant every year in the Perm Region. Most operational facilities are in the final stages of development and characterized by the high water content of production fluids, which later leads to the formation of water-in-oil emulsions (WOEs) during transportation and field preparation. When treated by traditional methods, such as thermal and thermo chemical gravity sedimentation, stable WOEs are not amenable to destruction. These preparation methods are easy to use but do not always provide the expected result. In this regard, an urgent task is to develop and implement new technologies for the preparation of hydrocarbons, which can be used separately from traditional methods, or in combination with them. This method is called ultrasound impact (USI). This article describes regularities in the influence of various parameters on the efficiency of stable water-in-oil emulsion destruction during field-based treatment with the use of USI. The paper describes the experience of using USI, as well as the high destruction efficiency of stable water-in-oil emulsions in comparison with traditional methods. The authors of the article conducted pilot tests using a mobile unit for treating production fluids with stable WOEs pre-treated by ultrasound. Following test results, the technological effect has been evaluated and recommendations for the practical application of the proposed method have been made.
Актуальность. Одной из основных проблем нефтедобывающей промышленности в сфере добычи нефти и газа является добыча больших объемов балластной воды. Средняя кратность перекачиваемой воды к нефти может составлять 4:1 и более. На территории Пермского края данная проблема является особенно актуальной, так как многие месторождения находятся на 3 и 4 стадиях разработки и требуют внедрения новых технологий для более рентабельной добычи нефти. В связи с перекачкой больших объемов жидкости происходит более быстрый процесс износа оборудования и появляются дополнительные затраты электроэнергии для его использования. В связи с этим внедрение технологии скважинной и кустовой сепарации водонефтяной эмульсии является одним из наиболее эффективных способов решения производственной задачи путем децентрализации системы сбора и подготовки скважинной продукции. Цель:уменьшение затрат на сбор и подготовку скважинной продукции путем применения технологии кустовой сепарации водонефтяной эмульсии при децентрализованной системе подготовки. Объект: кусты скважин со средней обводненностью65–70% и более. Методы:обзор научной литературы, моделирование процесса кустовой сепарации в Aspen HYSYS; лабораторные исследования на созданном макете, имитирующем скважину. Результаты.Представлена технология кустового разделения продукции скважин на нефть и воду с дальнейшимиспользованием попутнодобываемой воды в системе поддержания пластового давления. Представлена принципиальная технологическая схема установки. Проведены лабораторные испытания, выявлены оптимальные параметры её работы.Приведена технико-экономическое оценка реализации технологии и обоснованные технические решения.
The oil and gas industry of Perm Krai is one of the core industries that determines the actual status and prospects for the social and economic development of the region. This article assesses the impact of the oil and gas industry on the social and economic development of Perm Krai. The author comes to the conclusion that the industrial production, and in particular the oil and gas complex, remains the basic economy sector of Perm Krai, which plays a leading role in income generation of the territorial budget. On the basis of the oil and gas industry it is possible to develop the accompanying sectors in the economy. In other words, it can become a locomotive for developing other economy branches. Trends in the oil industry development in the Perm Krai coincide with those typical for the Russian Federation as a whole. Therefore, the sanction measures could not fail to have an impact on the economy of Perm Krai in general and the activities of the oil industry enterprises in particular. The action of economic sanctions led to a reduction in oil extraction, accompanied by a price drop; volumes of export; the limitation of supplies of specialized equipment and technologies for the developing oil deposits and oil production. To overcome this situation in the Perm Krai, the following measures can be proposed: creation of the new competitive capacities (which requires the additional investment sources) and creation of a petrochemical cluster.
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