The study intended to establish how the dynamics of earthworms (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae) changes in soil (abundance, biomass), under conditions of mineral fertilization with nitrogen and phosphorous in four different doses, in a 33-year experimental placement in the west of Romania, in wheat-soybean-maize-barley rotation. The soil indices taken into study were: pH, humus, total nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium. Statistical connections between the studied factors were realized using the dispersion analysis ANOVA and the SPSS Software (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences). The study showed an increase of earthworm abundance and biomass under conditions of chemical fertilization with nitrogen and phosphorous. The highest number of earthworms was recorded in the treatment with the largest dose of nitrogen fertilizer (by 85.85% higher compared to the control treatment). The greatest positive influence on earthworm abundance and biomass was manifested in humus and total nitrogen. The greatest negative influence on earthworm abundance was found in pH factor, while phosphorous content of soil exerted the greatest negative influence on earthworm biomass.

The studied hydro -climatic factors tendency that influencing the desertification risk, are the annual temperature average, the annual amount of precipitations, rivers’annual flows and of piezometric levels from three drillings, all of them from representative points from the Plain of Banat. From the analysis it can be drawn the conclusion of a general aridization tendency.

The researches are inscribed on line of substantiation of durable agricultural system, having main objective the prominence ofquantitative and qualitative modifications made on agro-system level under the effect of no-tillage system for wheat, maize and soybeans.The experimental field is placed on a cambium chernozem, with a medium content of clay, dominant in the Prodagro West Arad agrocentreand representative for a large surface in the Banat-Crisana Plain.The passing to no-till system change the structure of technological elements, through less soil works, so the impact on agro-system isdifferent comparing with conventional tillage, first less the intervention pressure on agro-system ant secondly appears new interactions, newequilibriums and disequilibriums.Considering the evolution of soil humidity, the observations made monthly (by taking soil samples and laboratory determinations) forthe three cultures showed that in the no-till system, there are more uniform values in the soil profile, and in the variants where the deep workof soil was made it could be observed a low increase of the water volume in the soil.

Being aware of lands ecological resources’ natural conditions and particularities for different uses and crops is of great importancefor the big and small producers.In this paper we present the main aspects regarding the quality of the ecopedological conditions. Here there are briefly presented thephysico-geographic conditions and the telluric-edaphic configuration of the area. Also, the structure of the main categories of agriculturalactivities in the physical geographical areas (mountains, hills and plateaus, high and low plains and meadows) and main soils’ types andassociations are presented. Lands vocation for different use (arable, lawns, hay, orchard, vineyardThe paper ends with highlighting the necessary measures for a lasting administration of ecopedological resources in the studied area.

The simplification of the plant cultures range and the yields in the last 10-15 years brings into the actuality the role of crop rotation andof fertilization on the yield level and stability for wheat and maize even on the soils with a high natural fertility. The results of the researchesperformed between the years 2006 – 2009 on a cambic low gleyed chernozem from the Banat Plain showed that the wheat cultivated inmonoculture gives productions with 59-81% lower than that cultivated in crop rotation with other plants during 2-4 years. In maize, the yieldobtained in monoculture is situated behind that obtained in crop rotation with 11-21%. The most favorable crop rotations for wheat wererape-wheat in a 4 years rotation and soybean-wheat in simple rotation of 2 years. In maize, the most favorable was the 2 years rotation(wheat-maize). The mineral fertilization was very efficient both in wheat (11-36%) and maize (9-31%). The organic fertilization with manurewas very efficient for maize, the yields being superior with a mean value by 34% for a 60 t/ha dose and with 16% for 30t/ha. The fertilizationcompensates the negative effect expressed by the monocultivation only in a small measure