Clinical and morphological examinations were carried out in two broiler flocks with twenty thousand chickens each. The morbidity and mortality were followed on the basis of clinical signs and gross pathological examinations. Blood samples of affected chickens were obtained for the determination of blood sugar levels. Our results showed low morbidity, high mortality and a markedly depressed growth

Papillomatosis is a viral disease manifested with benign cutaneous growths (skin epithelium hyperplasia) in different body parts (abdominal and thoracic wall, udder, vulva, head, neck etc.) which is encountered in cattle, goats, dogs, rabbits, horses, rodents and men. The purpose of the present study was to compare the efficacy of two methods for treatment of bovine cutaneous papillomatosissurgically and by application of autogenous vaccine, and to monitor the effect of applied treatments. The present study was performed in 14 heifers divided into two groups with clinical signs of papillomatosis from a private farm, reared and fed uniformly. The main localisation of papillomas was ventrally on the abdominal wall, along linea alba, but growths were also found on the udder, vulva and eyelids of some animals. Their size varied from small wart-like formations (1-5 cm diameter) to orange-sized growths either with a wide basis or a thin petiole. Some of them formed rosary-like conglomerates situated on the long abdominal wall axis. Material for histological examination was obtained from removed growths and for preparation of autogenous vaccine. The results from surgical excision in the first group were goodthere were no recurrences in operated heifers. After application of the autovaccine in the second group, satisfactory results were obtained, although the results on papillomas of larger size (< 3 cm diameter) were disappointing.

The emphasis of this literature overview is placed on the etiology, epidemiology, specific gross and microscopic pathological changes of the commonest gastrointestinal diseases in newborn and growing calves in dairy and beef farms. Neonatal diarrhea in calves is a multifactorial disease accompanied with high morbidity and mortality rates. It incurs considerable economic losses for cattle industry worldwide. The gastroenteritis in calves is most commonly of infectious or parasitic etiology and the most frequently involved enteropathogens are Cryptosporidium parvum, bovine rotaviruses (GRA BRV), bovine coronaviruses (BCoV), mucosal disease virus - bovine viral diarrhoea (BVDV) and Escherichia coli K99 (F5). Affected calves are from 24th hours to 30 days of age, and the appearance of the disease is largely dependent on the immunological status of newborn calves, the amount of ingested colostrum, whether dams are vaccinated or not during the dry period, and the conditions of housing of newborns. The specific gross and microscopic lesions of the gastrointestinal tract and of some parenchymal organs are essential for the diagnostics and differential diagnostics of reviewed diseases.