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Relevance of developing the equipment for electro-hydraulic treatment of water and its solutions was substantiated. The device that is one of the electro-hydraulic spark gap installation components has been developed in order to eliminate the drawbacks of similar devices used. The application field of the device for electro-hydraulic treatment of solutions is crop production in agriculture. Electro-hydraulic treatment can be used to produce fertilizers in conditions of irrigation of greenhouse vegetable crops in personal subsidiary and peasant (farmer) farms. The installation, in addition to the cylindrical tank, contains a voltage source, a high-voltage transformer, an autotransformer, energy storage devices, rectifying cells, start-control devices and means of control and measuring. Electrodes are installed in this device, one of which has a technical scientific novelty. The tip of the negative electrode is hemispherical, which allows increasing the stored energy in the capacitor, to increase it in the discharge channel, increasing the length of the spark discharge in the liquid. The model of the device has been developed in order to substantiate the design parameters and operation modes. The developed electric diagram required for installation, runup and control of technological modes of electro-hydraulic impact on liquid media is shown. Actual model of the device is presented in photo content. The perspectivity of studying the electro-hydraulic effect is determined.

At agricultural facilities, the main attention is paid to the formation and maintenance of their microclimate parameters, and mechanization of storage processes. As world experience shows, it is necessary to develop and implement energy-saving systems and the use of renewable energy sources. The authors have developed energy-saving systems based on the heat pump, with upgraded electrical regulators. The developed system (patent 100873), uses thermoelectric elements and a low-potential energy source, to effectively maintain the temperature parameters of the microclimate during long-term storage of potatoes, but it requires a large amount of electricity consumption (30 to 35 kW), so the authors have developed an energy-saving system based on a heat pump (patent 123909). The temperature regime is achieved by using a thermoelectric cooler-heater and an electric heater. The humidifier allows for maintaining the necessary relative air humidity.

Relevance. With the increase in livestock production, the question of the rational use of by-products arises. Currently, such raw materials are mainly sold without processing. To increase the profitability of production, it is proposed to sell the offal in boiled form. One of the ways to obtain boiled products from small-sized meat raw materials with good consumer properties is the use of endogenous heating during massaging in brine.Methods. Theoretical studies were carried out by analyzing the physical processes associated with the propagation of electromagnetic waves in media with losses; the mass-transfer processes in raw materials with a curing substance during endogenous heating were studied. The visualization of the distribution of the electromagnetic field (EMF) in a cylindrical slotted resonator, the calculation of the intrinsic quality factor and the electric field strength (EF) were carried out using the CST Microwave Studio program. The substantiation of the operating modes of the installation was carried out through regression models obtained using a threefactor experiment of type 23 in the programs Statistica 12.0, Microsoft Excel 10.0. In the Compass-3D 18 program, three-dimensional modeling of the structural design of cylindrical slotted resonators-drums was carried out. Electromagnetic safety was evaluated by the results of studies of the power of the radiation flux by the installation using a PZ-33M, PZ-41 measuring devices.Results. The operating modes of the developed and manufactured microwave installation with a slotted cylindrical resonator-drum for heat treatment and massaging of raw materials are established, taking into account regression models. They are: productivity 10 kg/h; specific power 1.6 W/g; processing time 1.0 h, at a salt concentration of 12.88%; specific energy costs 0.165 kW·h/kg; frequency of rotation of the resonator-drum 23 rpm.

For a quality assessment of milk and dairy products, the optical methods are used. In this paper, the use possibility is investigated of the optical method of photoluminescence for the milk acidity value finding out. The spectral measurements were carried out on a diffraction spectrofluorimeter in the range of 200-500 nm. The milk acidity measurement accuracy was controlled by the titrimetric method. It is established that as far as milk sours, the excitation spectra in the range of 200-500 nm decrease; but there are qualitative changes in the range of 350-500 nm. With acidity growth, the photoluminescence flux decreases if it is excited by the radiation value λ e = 262 nm, grows at λ e = 385 nm and decreases at λ e = 442 nm. It is advisable to control the milk acidity in terms of the photoluminescence fluxes ratio Φ 385 /Φ 442 . The linear approximation of the function Φ 385 /Φ 442 (K) is statistically reliable (the determination factor R 2 = 0.99).