<p>Learning that is carried out in elementary schools is very important in providing multicultural education for students. Primary school is the starting place for students to study. In the learning process in schools that is followed by students from various backgrounds, it is felt that multicultural education is very important. Multicultural education in learning requires an introduction to the various cultures possessed by humans from various ethnic groups, races or ethnicities, and religions. With the existence of differences in ethnicity, race, and religion in learning in elementary schools, a learning process is needed to be able to teach multicultural education with shared values. The value of togetherness in learning in elementary schools such as learning to live in diversity, building mutual trust between students, maintaining mutual understanding, and upholding mutual respect.</p>

In everyday life in the present, it is common for young people or teenagers to play online games. In playing online games there is communication in it which is not uncommon verbal violence. This study examines the Islamic perspective in seeing verbal violence that often occurs in online game play, which in this case is represented by the MOBA Mobile Legends Bang-Bang game. The research method uses content analysis techniques with a descriptive discussion. The communication process is seen based on the recordings of game players uploaded via YouTube and other social media. There are several factors that cause verbal violence in playing online games from several points of view, namely moral knowledge, the need to be recognized, the character of cyberspace environments, equality and a sense of belonging, and parenting. Verbal violence that often occurs in online gaming is accusing and blaming, undermining, discounting, and name calling. In Islamic teachings there are six directives as principles for communicating well, namely Qawlan Sadîdan (words that are polite and kind), Qawlan Balîghan (words that make an impression on the soul, and are right on target), Qawlan Maisûrâ (light words), Qawlan Layyina (gentle words), Qawlan Karîma (noble words), Qawlan Ma'rûf (good word or appropriate expression).

Dewasa ini perkembangan teknologi internet telah merambah berbagai disiplin ilmu. Dengan berkembangnya teknologi internet, dunia pendidikan pun makin ramah dengan situs jejaring media sosial facebook, blogger, instagram, hingga twitter. Situs jejaring media sosial tidak hanya digunakan untuk berinteraksi dengan sesama teman. Ada yang memanfaatkannya sebagai media menyampaikan informasi, untuk mempromosikan produk, bahkan hanya sekedar untuk mencurahkan isi hati pengguna, tentunya dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai media pembelajaran yang inovatif. Berkaitan dengan permasalahan saat ini mengenai pemanfaatan media sosial yang tidak terkontrol, sehingga perlunya pemanfaatan media sosial sebagai media pembelajaran pendidikan agama Hindu yang inovatif. Tentunya pemanfaatan media sosial dapat menumbuhkan pembelajaran yang aktif, kreatif, efektif dan menyenangkan. Maka sangat penting pemanfaatan media sosial sebagai media pembelajaran pendidikan agama Hindu pada siswa.

The existence of distance learning also demands creativity and innovation of Hindu religious education teachers in managing Hindu religious education learning through online learning applications. The online learning system that is commonly implemented is the teacher using the Whats App (WA) application because it is considered easy and commonly used by students. The teacher creates a class group and then sends materials and assignments through the group. However, it turns out that this is not optimal for the implementation of Hindu religious learning, so it is necessary to optimize Hindu religious education learning by utilizing online learning applications for Hindu students at SMAN 1 Basarang, Kapuas Regency. The purpose of this study was to find out how the process of learning Hindu religion based on online applications at SMAN 1 Basarang, Kapuas Regency. The results of this study include the online application-based Hindu religious learning process at SMAN 1 Basarang, Kapuas Regency, the preparation, implementation, and evaluation of online application-based Hindu learning at SMAN 1 Basarang and efforts to optimize online application-based Hinduism learning at SMAN 1 Basarang from the headmaster's efforts. schools, efforts of Hindu religious education teachers, efforts of educational staff, and student efforts.

<p>This study is aimed at examining the factors of the existence of Pasraman Gurukula Bangli as a Hindu educational institution. This study used descriptive qualitative method. Data was obtained through observation, in-depth interviews and documentation. In analyzing the data, the theory of existentialism was used. The results shows that there are four factors that make Pasraman Gurukula Bangli still exists as a Hindu educational institution. Those factors are philosophical factors which are the basis of pasraman activities; sociological factors which include harmonious relations between pasraman elements and the surrounding environment, legality factors that are intended to carry out formal education and motivational factors that surround all pasraman’s stakeholders.</p>