Hyperglycemia in DM was able to increase glucose auto-oxidation, protein glycation, and polyol pathway activation. As a result, it can accelerate the formation of reactive oxygen compounds acting as the main factor causing DM complication. Prior to our evaluation of pigeon bean Tempe with formulations of 25%, 50% and 75%, we tested the number and activity of its antioxidant. Then we substituted it on standard feed for 14 days to find the effects on glucose level and lipid profile. The effects was then compared to that before the intervention. The result showed that the total and activity of antioxidant in pigeon bean Tempe (Cajanus sajan) was 15% and 41.30% respectively. On the other side, pigeon bean Tempe with a formulation of 75% was more able to reduce blood glucose level, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL-cholesterol by 44.08%, 34.38%,35.80%, and 43.22% respectively (p<0.05) if compared to pigeon bean Tempe with formulations of 25% and 50%. Meanwhile pigeon bean Tempe with formulation of 75% provided better effects for an increase of HDL level 56.20% (p<0.05). All test results on Tempe formulation used were compared to that before intervention.

Strenuous physical activity can increase the activity of enzymes AST (aspartate aminotransaminase) and ALT (alanine aminotransaminase) in the blood as a sign of hepatic dysfunction caused by oxidative stress as a result. Excessive free radicals that damage macromolecules in cells. The supplementation of black soybean (Glycine max L) contains anthocyanin as an antioxidant is expected to reduce the formation of free radicals thus the activity of liver enzymes and the levels of SOD enzymes as intracellular antioxidant can be maintained. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of using extracts of black soybean (Glycine max L) on the activity of liver enzymes (AST-ALT) and the antioxidant superoxide dismutase (SOD) of white rats that were given a maximum of physical activity. The research was control group post test design in vivo that used black soya extract treatment given to white rats (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar strain given maximum physical activity. The results indicated black soybean extract 40% was the most powerful retaining the activity of liver enzymes and blood levels of antioxidants SOD. The conclusion is there is an effect of black soybean extract against the activity of liver enzymes (AST-ALT) in rats given maximal activity, whereas SOD enzymes can inhibit the decline of SOD enzyme level to 37.8% but statistically there is no significant influence.Keywords: AST-ALT enzymes; antioxidants SOD; Soybean black; Physical activity maximum.

Fibers are abundantly found in vegetables, fruit, beans, cereals, seeds, and tubers. Beans and seeds, alongside prevailing as both of the fiber sources, are the sources of vegetable protein as well. Whereas tubers are a carbohydrate source, which people deem as a staple food. Fiber intake in diets, particularly soluble fibers, has the ability to produce gel in the intestines, inhibiting glucose and cholesterol absorption. Dietary fibers have the ability to bind bile salts in the digestive tract, and disturbed bile reabsorption will stimulate bile synthesis in the liver. Dyslipidemia has a significant role in systemic responses and inflammation in adipose tissues. Inflammation can increase intestinal permeability and adipose tissues. Dyslipidemic management is carried out by altering lifestyles, intervening in suitable diets to reduce LDL levels, and increasing HDL levels. The degree of compliance with diet interventions is seminal to ensure successful dyslipidemic management.