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Summary1. One hundred and three cases of renal parenchymal carcinoma are reviewed; nephrectomy was performed in 60 cases, 20 were found to be inoperable, and operation was not considered in the remaining cases. Post‐mortem examinations were performed on 32 cases in the series.2. The clinical features are analysed and their influence on prognosis discussed.3. The tuniours are classified into three grades of malignancy according to histological criteria.4. The spread of the tumour is described, with special reference to the sinister significance of tumour thrombosis of the renal vein.5. Radiological features are described, stressing those that assist prognosis.6. Nephrectomy is the only rational treatment in operable cases, and it is noted that the presence of a solitary metastasis is not a contraindication to surgery. The place of radiotherapy in treatment is indicated.7. The survival rate for operable cases in this series compares favourably with that from the Mayo Clinic.8. The lines on which the prognosis can be assessed are considered.

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SUMMARY A method of deviating urine from the female perineum by anterior transposition of the urethra has been described. The difficulties encountered in this procedure have been discussed. Though anterior transposition was devised originally for neurogenic incontinence of urine in women, it may well be employed in other cases of urinary incontinence.