A finite difference calculation method is used to solve the conservation equations of mass, momentum, and energy in differential form for a buoyant turbulent forced plume discharging vertically into both a uniform and a stratified quiescent ambient. This flow configuration is of interest relative to the discharge of thermal or sewage effluents into the ocean and the discharge of effluents from chimneys and cooling towers into a still atmosphere. The effects buoyancy on the turbulent transport model are discussed. The predictions, including the predicted maximum height of rise for the stratified ambient case, are compared with available experimental data and the results of other prediction methods.
Prepared for the UNITED STATES NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION OFFICE OF NUCLEAR REGULATORY RESEARCH Contract No. EY-76-C-02-0016 CiSTKIBUTIQN OV ™1S DOCLTLLKr J.~ ui^Ui-'ffaU NOTICE This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, or any of their employees, makes any warranty, expressed or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for any third party's use, or the results of such use, of any information, apparatus, product or process disclosed in this report, or represents that its use by such third party would not infringe privately owned rights.
A differential approach for analysis of turbulent, axisymmetric, buoyant jets and plumes issuing nonvertically into a quiescent, uniform ambient is presented, in which the governing differential equations for conservation of mass, momentum, and energy, derived in a curvilinear, orthogonal coordinate system, are solved by a finite-difference method of the Dufort-Frankel type. This jet configuration is of interest with regard to the design of submerged, offshore outfalls from power plants. The analysis includes consideration of the transverse momentum equation as the jet follows a curved trajectory under the influence of buoyancy forces. The turbulent shear stress and heat flux terms in the governing equations are evaluated through a relatively simple turbulence model which accounts for the effect of buoyancy on the apparent turbulent viscosity through the gradient Richardson number. Predictions for buoyant jets discharging horizontally and at 45 deg to the horizontal are compared with recent experimental data and the results of other prediction methods.
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