Instruments for measuring pulse rate, oxygen saturation, and body temperature for Covid-19 patients have been designed using the MAX30100 sensor and the Internet of Things (IoT)-based MLX90614 sensor. The MAX30100 sensor is used to measure pulse rate and oxygen saturation. A non-contact MLX90614 sensor is used to monitor body temperature, with an ultrasonic sensor used to set the maximum distance between the sensor and the object. The measurement results were transferred to the database via the ESP8266 MCU node's Wi-Fi communication line. The stored data can be accessed via a web browser. Compared to the oximeter, the MAX30100 sensor has an average error rate of 1.027% for pulse measurement and 0% for oxygen saturation. The MLX90614 sensor has a 0.42% average error rate when it was compared to the thermo-gun.Thus, the measuring device can function properly and is feasible to use. Furthermore, because there is no direct contact between the human body and the sensor, the instrument can prevent Covid-19 transmission.

It has been successfully designed a temperature monitoring instrument through android application using LM35 sensor and SIM800L module based on ATMega16 microcontroller. The temperature is measured using a LM35 sensor which produces a voltage and sent to ADC. Microcontroller ATMega16 is using as the main processor of this monitoring instrument to calculate the program, so that analog data in the form of input voltage are converted into digital data form a measurable temperature. The measurable temperature is sent and saved in the database on the server computer using the SIM800L module so it can be displayed on the website. The website pages are accessed with android programs that installed on the smartphone so that measurable temperature data can be monitored using a smartphone. The measurable temperature results can be displayed on a 2x16-character LCD in the instrument designed. Compatibility of monitoring instrument with comparison instrument is 99,97 %.

Agricultural Micro-Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a vital role in maintaining national food security. In terms of sources of economic growth, the agricultural sector is the largest contributor to West Java's economic growth in the first quarter of 2021. The agricultural business sector contributed as much as 0.94%, greater than its contribution in the fourth quarter of 2020 which amounted to 0.39%. MSMEs still have external and internal constraints, especially in terms of financing, product marketing, and lack of access to information. These constraints often hinder MSMEs in developing their business and expanding their market share. From various cases of marketing agricultural MSME products in West Java, it is necessary to implement technology to market agricultural commodities. One of them is a map application, which is useful in providing the location of agricultural MSMEs and how to reach that location from the customer's current location. So that sellers/farmers and buyers can do direct transactions. Therefore, map applications using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) can be used as the alternative technology to solve that problem. While, this research only focuses on generating the map. UAV - DJI Phantom 4 Pro has been used in this research to take images at each location of the sample locations. To control the UAV automatically for each mission, it used Pix4D capture flight plans. The data were processed by Agisoft Metashape Professional software. The location of image data collection was carried out in various areas: a building, an open space area and a real small and medium agriculture enterprises location. Two-dimensional maps and 3D maps of these areas have been successfully created. The average RMS error is 0.17 (2.88 pixels) indicating under 1% of the average error.

Natural disaster often occurs nowadays all around the world result in environmental damage and broken infrastructure which prevent logistics transportation for the evacuees. Therefore, it has been developed a payload transport UAV based on Internet of Things (IoT) for transportation of goods (foods, clothes and medicines) to the disaster location. The transport system consists of a relatively small (52.5 cm, 52.5 cm and 26.5 cm of length, width and height respectively) container (as the main part of the system) lifted by an UAV using a rope, servo motor and a pulley which are controlled by IoT Platform for user friendly access through a smartphone, tablet, laptop or computer. The system is equipped with automatic door and lock system, ultrasonic sensor system for distance measurement and pulley system with 17 N cm torque servo motor 360° for loading and unloading mechanism. Lolin Node (Microcontroller Unit) MCU v3 using Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol of IoT for WiFi and GSM networks has been used for the system for control and communication application. Hereinafter, the pulley system has been successfully tested to lift until 9.27 kg of load, 50 cm of distance motion with 6.3 cm/s upward velocity and 11.4 cm/s downward velocity.