JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org.. Allen Press and Society for Range Management are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Journal of Range Management. AbstractChanges in liveweight of sedentary and migratory herds of cattle in south Kordofan Province, Sudan, were determined monthly. Feces of these animals were analyzed for N and ADF during the same period. Both the sedentary and the migratory herds gained liveweights during periods August to September and November to February and lost liveweight during October and from March to July. Changes in liveweights were more highly related to fecal ADF concentrations (r = -0.60, P<0.002) than to fecal N concentrations (r = -0.085, PK0.305). Sedentary operations and transhumance are the 2 systems involved in liveweight production in many parts of the Sudan. These 2 systems are mainly practiced in the western provinces, including Kordofan and Dar Fur. In Kordofan transhumants migrate to the arid, sandier ranges of the north during the rainy season and return to specific locations in the clay-dominated ranges of the south in the Nuba Mountains during the dry season. The sedentary operators, on the other hand, remain in the claydominated ranges of the Nuba Mountains throughout the year, although they make local movements about these ranges.Because the Nuba Mountain ranges are utilized by many sedentary and migratory livestock, it is important to know the quality of these ranges. One approach to determine this is through chemical analysis of feces voided by free-ranging ruminants. High relationships between dietary N and fecal N have been reported byRaymond (1949), Hinnant (1979), Mould and Robbins (1981), Holechek et al. (1982), Bredon et al. (1983), and Mubanga (1983). These relationships resulted in the hypothesis that liveweights of cattle could be predicted from the N contents of their feces. The objective of the present study was to determine liveweight changes and chemical constituents of feces, including N and ADF, of the sedentary and the migratory herds in south Kordofan, Sudan. Study Area This study was conducted at Kadugli Research Station in south Kordofan. South Kordofan lies within the savanna zone of the Sahelian belt, and can be classified as having a hot, semiarid climate. March is the hottest month at Kadugli with a maximum of 410 C and a minimum of 240 C. December and January are the coolest months with a maximum of 350 C and a minimum of 180 C. Rainfall varies from about 500 mm in the north to over 800 mm in the south. Rains occur in a single season (Khareef), primarily from June to September, although some rains also fall in May and October. A short, hot season (Deret) occurs after the rains from October to November, followed ...

Strategies of regulated irrigation and fertilization are one of the most practical ways in saving irrigation water and N-fertilizer of farmland in Egypt. Irrigation intervals and anhydrous ammonia injection were studied using Giza178 rice cultivar at the Experimental Farm of Rice Research and Training Center (RRTC), Sakha Agriculture Research Station, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt, during 2017 and 2018 seasons. To compare different levels of anhydrous ammonia (82 % N) with urea and various irrigation intervals on yield and yield attributes of Giza 178 rice cultivar as well as water use efficiency (WUE). Four irrigation intervals treatments namely; W1 (continuous flooding), W2 (irrigation every 4 days), W3 (irrigation every 8 days) and W4 (irrigation every 12 days) with three rates of anhydrous ammonia; T1=195 kg N/ha (80 units/fed), T2= 165 kg N/ha (70 units/fed), T3=143 kg N /ha (60 units/fed) plus check treatment, T4= 165 kg N/ha as form urea (70 units/fed) were used. The field experimentwas laid out in strip design with four replications.The main obtained results indicated that Giza178 produced higher grain yield and its attributes under continuous flooding (W1) without any significant decrease in yield up to irrigation every 8 days (W3) and significantly decreased underirrigation every 12 days (W4) treatment in both seasons.The application of anhydrous ammonia at the rate of195kg N /ha (T1)significantly increased rice yield and relatively mitigated the undesirable effect of water stress resulted in increase the water use efficiency (WUE) and water saved %.The values of water saved were (22.99 and 22.60%) underirrigation every 8 days (W3) when combined withanhydrous ammonia at the rate of 195kg N /ha (T1) compared to continuous flooding, while,the water saved under W4 was about 25.47 and 25.43% but with reduction in grain yield (9.47 and 10.04 %) in 2017 and 2018seasons respectively.The interaction betweenanhydrous ammonia at the rate of 195 kg N /ha (T1)integrated with irrigation every 8 days (W3) treatments under drill seeded method had significant positive effect on grain yield and water savewhich can help savingirrigation water and increase the productivity.