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A laboratory-modeling installation for experimental investigations of light and image transfer through a wavy water surface was described. Measurements of the modulation transfer function of turbid media and a wavy surface have proved the reliability of laboratory image transfer modeling. An experiment to correct the image distortion caused by surface wave refraction of an underwater object was done using laboratory-modeling installation. A color digital camera was used to simultaneously obtain an image of the object and a glitter pattern on the surface. Processing the glitter pattern allows one to obtain the values of surface slopes at a limited number of points and to use these slopes for retrieval of image fragments. A totally corrected image is formed by accumulating the fragments. The accumulated image closely matches an original undistorted image. The experiment demonstrates that correction of image distortion produced by surface waves is possible, at least in special cases.

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We present a method to construct the best linear estimate of optically active material concentration from ocean radiance spectra measured through an arbitrary atmosphere layer by a hyperspectral sensor. The algorithm accounts for sensor noise. Optical models of seawater and maritime atmosphere were used to obtain the joint distribution of spectra and concentrations required for the algorithm. The accuracy of phytoplankton retrieval is shown to be substantially lower than that of sediment and dissolved matter. In all cases, the sensor noise noticeably reduces the retrieval accuracy. Additional errors due to atmospheric interference are analyzed, and possible ways to increase the accuracy of retrieval are suggested, such as changing sensor parameters and including a priori information about observation conditions.

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