The present work was undertaken with the objective of developing a magnetically graded material by a reverse martensitic transformation (RMT) technique in a controlled manner. Tensile deformed SUS type 304 stainless steel was annealed within a temperature gradient to introduce the reverse martensitic transformation inhomogeneously. The magnetisation distributions within specimens were evaluated using a vibrating sample magnetometer. It was found that the desired saturation magnetisation gradient was formed in the magnetically graded material fabricated by the RMT technique. Therefore, by controlling the thermal gradient in the furnace very carefully, it is possible to obtain a magnetically graded material with a suitable gradient of magnetisation using the a9-c reverse transformation in SUS 304 stainless steel.

Y o k o h , 223, J a p m fax. : +81 45 56? 7625, email : khlum@bmei.elec.keioaEjpIn recent years. mmy (bm)&micd m m far detecting impartant constituents of h m a n body, surb m Nai,.Ca2+, K+, and CI-, etc., have km reported. Generally, these -16 are W 00 slgtmde h a heen known 10 have low sersitivity, olhich m&e it difficult to wnse materials ofwry d reactivity.Meanwhiie, atsorption spectrephotometry and ATR (Attenuated Tat& ReAectirm) ilpeclwmetry have the high sensitivity and are suitable to sensing required high lewi mitivity. Hwwn, B common pmblori with absorption spstmphotometr) is nonlinearityof the absorbance vitb concentration caused hy scmy ray when the sample has high absmhonce ~t Lhe seieeted wvelength. 11 is mmplex and l D d i m far thls method lo be applied l o the aoalpls of turbid biochemicals because of rnuitiple dilutions of the -pie bnd the need for B special setup, etc. One of the limitations of ATR spectrometry is that it s h m poor sensitivity for we.9kly light-absorbing ramplff. This a r k h s a -the cffactive sample thi&nis in the order of the penetration length of the evanescent wave into the sample, which is smrrll. In t h s study, we p m p m a tbi-film optical wawuide tyw ion 8mor for solving the limitr of eonventiond transmission or reflection mearwementr as mentioned ab-.The pmpcsed senrarimprwa sensitivity and scicctivity by tvking in ionophore and chromoionophore in sensing1a.F. The sensnglayer (refractive index;l.51 at k 4 8 8 n m ) XI-made and deposited by spincoating of ionophore (HDOPP-Ca for Caz-01 Vnipnomycin for K+), chromoionophore, PVC-PYA-PVAc copoiymer and BEHP on waveguide layer. The wavegwde layer was fabricated ty rf sputtering of Corning 7059 glass (refractive index;l.S@ st h=488nm) on Pyrex gims (refractive indq1.48 at A=488nm) suhtrate. The fabricated waveguide &em,m w_ placed (an stage, and i s e r Edht of 488nm or 633-w~ coupled mto the waveglide by the prism coupling method. The dtraupled light was measured with an o p t i d powmeter. To evduate the churucterktics of this SPOSD~, CaC12 salution and KCi aoiulian of pH5.3 (Aceble BulSer) was used, and during the experiment its cmcentmion w s graduallj increased from 1 0 F t o 10-amol. We measured deeaupled output of each eoncentretion and the absorption index w m dculded hy tnking logarithm of the ratio nf output power at mnple condition to mfacnce pow= at buffer soiulion condition BS follws: = P.,~.=decoupied power of each mncentrstion solution. Pb.J,.,=demupied power of buffer solution k f~. , The response CIUW of this aaveg~desensors were ahown iu Fig.1. The response c w p a o f this =mors took a shape of Ssurve 88 did in optode type i o~i i i~m . The response curves ofthis waveguide wmors shaved thkc. the absorption of this smmr aecurateiy determined by the concentration of ion and it was vex;, effetiw as an ion senior Tius results described above indieaLed lhin film waveguide trpe ionsensoi wes vew dectira as m u l t i p~v m~ ion S~E O I . The sensing layer didn't induce IiiSOt dirpmian which inhaeritly affecte...