Visual signs of the negative influence of various factors in woody plants include the loss of decorativeness and vitality, discolouration of needles, uneven growth, etc. Conifers of the boreal zone, including Siberian fir (Abies sibirica Ledeb.), have the most pronounced decrease in the ability of plants of green plantations to resist extreme environmental conditions. In perennial plantations of Siberian fir, scientists identified a complex of fungi distinguished not only by low biodiversity but also by the abundance of phytopathogens and moulds from the genera Alternaria, Diplodia, Macrophoma, Pestalotia, Sclerophoma, Cucurbitaria. The article shows that under stressed conditions (imbalance in nutrients, etc.), the fir plants in the root zone have critical disturbances or mycological effects which characterizes the deterioration of their viability and loss of resistance to disease. This data are useful for phytosanitary monitoring of green plantations and planning environmental protection measures in urban areas.

Among the arguments in favor of new crop production technologies are the need for improvement of regional ecology and biodiversity, and high-quality biological products. Methods for reducing crop losses caused by air and soil droughts in the central and southern regions of Russia were analyzed. Field observations (2010-2016) were carried out using a crop rotation scheme of experimental fields with a wide range of crop varieties: wheat, barley, corn, sunflower, peas, chickpeas, alfalfa, and flax. The purpose of the article is to assess regional characteristics of effective soil fertility using different resource-saving technologies. Biological productivity (regional, local) was used as an integral indicator of effectiveness of agricultural technologies and crop yields. High effective fertility was observed when using a zero agrotechnology in Volgograd region and minimum tillage method in Stavropol region. The need for the control of soil fungistasis as a basis of biological activity of the soil and long-term improvement of effective fertility of the arable land was emphasized.

Due to global shifts in climate, studies in contrasting conditions of two natural and climatic zones are of particular interest: (1) subzone of mixed and broad-leaved forests, (2) south-steppe subzone. In the period 2019-2020, 308 plant species from 56 families were surveyed. Phytopathogens damage plants, and therefore increase the loss of quality of plant materials. The frequency of occurrence of mycoses in autumn is 2-14 times higher than in spring-summer observations. The activity of phytopathogenic fungi of the genera of Fusarium (the causative agent of fusarium), Puccinia (rust), Phoma (phomosis), Rhizoctonia (scab), Verticillium (tracheomycotic or vascular wilting) increases. Differences in dominant micromycetes from the point of view of geography were determined: zone 1 (forest) - Alternaria spp., Chaetomium spp., Fusarium spp., F. avenaceum (Fr.) Sacc., (Mart.) Sacc., Heterosporium iridis (Fautrey & Roum.) JE Jacques, Phoma spp., Stemphylium spp., Verticillium spp.; zone 2 (steppe) – Alternaria spp., Botrytis spp., Cladosporium spp., Fusarium avenaceum, Fusarium spp., Peronospora spp., Phoma spp., Pullularia spp., Septoria spp. Screening of pesticides (biological fungicides) showed the effectiveness of preparations based on Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus subtilis or Streptomyces griseus in limiting the growth of the mycelium of phytopathogenic fungi.