Background: Acnes vulgaris is a skin disease that can reduce self-confidence in adolescence and adulthood. This disease can be caused by infection with Propionbacterium acnes bacteria and treatment of this disease using antibiotics causes a lot of resistances. One alternative that can be developed to overcome this problem is the use of herbal medicines. Objective: To determine the antibacterial activity of 96% ethanol extract sambiloto leaf (Androgaphis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees) in inhibiting the growth of Propionbacterium acnes bacteria.  Method: The maceration method was used in the preparation of extracts and a qualitative test of active compounds was carried out. The antibacterial activity test was carried out using the disc diffusion method. Results: Qualitatively identified in the extract contains several active compounds like alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, triterpenoids and saponins. 96% ethanol extract of sambiloto leaf with concentrations of 25, 50, 75, and 100% w/v had antibacterial activity against Propionibacterium acnes, indicated by the diameter of the inhibition zone at each concentration. Conclusion: 96% ethanol extract of sambiloto leaf (Andrographis panuculata (Burm.f.) Nees) has antibacterial activity against the growth of Propionibacterium acnes bacteria where the category of strong antibacterial activity was found in samples with concentrations of 75 and 100% w/v with the diameter of the inhibition zone formed respectively 11.26±0.44 mm and 16.52 ± 1.33 mm. Keywords: Andrographis paniculata (Bum.f.) Nees, antibacterial, disc diffusion, 96% ethanol extract, Propionibacterium acnes

Community perception is an experience that causes a different understanding of treatment. Differences in people's perceptions of drug safety will affect their attitudes towards rational use of medicines (RUM). Therefore, it is necessary to do an in-depth measurement of public perceptions. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between community perceptions through the health belief model (HBM) with the understanding of (RUM). This study used a cross-sectional design with 97 samples in Denpasar City, Bali, Indonesia. Data collection was conducted from November 2019 to January 2020 using a questionnaire and analyzed using binary logistic tests. The results showed that perceptions based on perceived susceptibility perceived severity, health motivation, perceived benefits, and self-efficacy did not provide a significant relationship with the understanding of RUM (p>0.05). Perceived barriers provide significant results on the understanding of RUM (p<0.05). Health perceptions in allergy reporting and awareness of drug use based on clinical conditions and selection of alternatives increase understanding of rational drug use. The drug-taking procedure needs to be done quickly and according to the provisions to appropriately use the medication. Therefore, health workers' role is essential in providing complete services and information about drugs in health care, especially in symptomatic drugs.

One of the herbal medicinal plants in Indonesia with antidiabetic activity is mahogany (Swietenia mahagoni Jacq.). Differences in plant parts used, extraction methods, and solvents during the extraction process will result in different characterization, quantity, and active phytochemical compounds in the extract. This study aimed to determine the content of active phytochemical compounds and extract characteristics of mahogany seed that fit the standards. Extracts were made using the maceration method with 70% ethanol solvent, then extract was characterized, and phytochemicals of active compounds were screened using reagents according to each group of compounds' test method. 50.16 g of 70% ethanol extract of mahogany seeds produced in this study had a solid form, characteristic odor, bitter taste, and brown color. The extract has the characteristics of water content, total ash content, acid insoluble ash content, water-soluble extracts content, and soluble ethanol extracts content according to the standard. Several classes of active compounds were identified qualitatively in the extract, which are flavonoids, phenolics, terpenoids, steroids, glycosides, and saponins. It appears that 70% ethanol extract of mahogany seed has a characterize extract that meets the standards and contains several active phytochemical compounds as potential antidiabetic agents.

Pengobatan jerawat dewasa ini didominasi oleh kosmetika khususnya kosmetika sintetis memiliki efek samping yang tinggi, sehingga memerlukan alternatife yaitu pengobatan obat herbal. yang memiliki efek samping lebih sedikit dari obat sintetis. Binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) merupakan salah satu tanaman obat herbal khas Indonesia yang secara empiris digunakan untuk mengobati berbagai macam penyakit. Untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri dari ekstrak etanol 70% daun binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) terhadap bakteri Staphyloccocus aureus. Pembuatan ekstrak dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan etanol 70% dan uji aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan metode difusi cakram yang diukur diameter zona hambatnya. Sebanyak 84,04 gram ekstrak kental daun binahong yang memiliki warna hijau kehitaman, bau khas, dan rasa pahit didapatkan melalui proses ekstraksi. Diameter zona hambat ekstrak yang dihasilkan sebesar 12,97 ± 0,54 mm, kontrol positif (kloramfenikol) 30,18 ± 0,08 mm, dan kontrol negatif tidak memberikan zona hambat. Ekstrak etanol 70% daun binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) memiliki aktivitas antibakteri yang kuat terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus.

Kondisi pandemi COVID-19 membuat penggunaan hand sanitizer dimasyarakat menjadi meningkat. Kepraktisan merupakan salah satu alasan masyarakat lebih mengunakan sediaan antiseptik hand sanitizer dibanding membersihkan tangan dengan sabun dan air mengalir. Tingginya penggunaan hand sanitizer membuat perlu adanya inovasi produk sehingga dapat memberikan kepuasan masyarakat yang lebih maksimal. Inovasi yang sering dilakukan oleh formulator adalah inovasi formula yang terkait pembaharuan bahan bahan dalam sediaan untuk meningkatkan kualitas dari suatu produk. Dalam melakukan inovasi, perlu melewati berbagai  tahapan tahapan pengujian untuk mengetahui sifat fisika dan kimia dari sediaan sehingga didapatkan sediaan  hand sanitizer yang berkualitas. Penelitian ini merupakan tahapan pendahuluan dalam inovasi yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh yang dominan dari formula gelling agent carbomer dan humektan gliserin terhadap sifat fisika dan kimia dari hand sanitizer gel ekstrak lidah buaya. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian eksperimental dimana dibuat 8 formula dengan variasi gelling agent carbomer dan humektan gliserin. Kemudian dilakukan pengukuran sifat fisika dan kimia seperti viskositas, daya sebar dan pH.  Data dari hasil sifat viskositas sediaan gel menghasilkan persamaan polinomial Y = 85148.37(A) + 109.16 (B) – 32936.27 (A)(B).  Dari sifat daya sebar sediaan gel menghasilkan persamaan polinomial Y = -17.63 (A) + 6.69 (B) + 4.60 (A)(B). Dari hasil uji pH ke 8 formula, rata rata nilai pH yang didapat yaitu 6.8. Dari hasil penelitian dapat diperoleh kesimpulan yaitu komponen carbomer memberikan pengaruh yang dominan dibanding komponen gliserin terhadap kenaikan viskositas gel dengan nilai koefisien pengaruh sebesar 85.148.37 dan memberikan pengaruh negatif terhadap nilai daya sebar gel dengan nilai koefisien pengaruh sebesar -17.63.