The aim of the study is to improve working conditions for operators of grinding machines by ensuring sanitary standards for dustiness in the workplace. To achieve the goal, it is necessary: to develop a mathematical model for the dispersion of abrasive-cast iron dust when grinding fragile parts; mathematical and computer models of the aspiration of the rough grinding machine; to propose an engineering method for calculating the efficiency of a cover in the form of a built-in casing and the choice of elements of a dust removal and dust collection system for grinding machines of the class under discussion. The article presents the mathematical and computer models of aspiration of a roughing-grinding machine, implemented in modern software Ansys. The dependencies, describing the flows of velocity fields in the closed area of the grinding wheel are obtained, which influence the formation of flow lines near the shaped cover of the roughing-grinding machine, which will make it possible to determine the efficiency of the cover of the roughing-grinding machine, including the design stage in future.

Introduction. The article deals with the problems of choosing equipment for effective dust removal and subsequent dust collection. The dependences describing the fields of flow velocities in the closed area of the abrasive wheel, influencing the formation of streamlines of flow motion near the shaped shelter of the rough grinding machine, are considered. Problem Statement. The objective of this research is to develop a mathematical and computer model of the aspiration of a rough grinding machine. Theoretical Part. To accomplish the set task, the modern software Аnsys was used as well as the previously obtained results of the dispersion analysis of abrasive-cast iron dust during grinding, which had been carried out using a High-class device — an Analysette22 NanoTec laser granulometer. Conclusion. The results of the analysis, the obtained fields and the values of the air flow velocities in the workplace of the machine operator will be compared with the hovering rates of various dust particles, which will allow us to determine the efficiency of the rough grinding machine shelter, including at the design stage.

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Russia has a well-developed network of pipeline transport. Its installation and repair is carried out using arc welding. Typically, arc welding is associated with harmful sprays of aerosols, especially in cases where flux cored wires are used for welding. Given the difficult weather conditions in the pipeline construction area, the use of shelters (booths, tents) is considered as an obligatory requirement for the conditions of welding on the installation. The work is aimed at theoretical substantiation of methods for controlling excessive pollution of the environment with welding aerosols and gases in confined spaces, which will allow creating technologies for designing systems and means of dust and heat protection for welders working in the installation conditions.