Background/Introduction Guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) remains the mainstay in the long-term management of patients after an acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Data on the association of adherence to GDMT with clinical outcomes are scarce. Purpose To assess the adherence to GDMT and its relation to all-cause mortality in a population of patients after an ACS. Methods In this post-hoc analysis of the prospective, randomised IDEAL-LDL trial (NCT02927808) we analyzed data of 360 ACS patients discharged from a cardiology clinic. Median follow-up period was 35.9 (IQR 25.7–41.6) months. GDMT was assessed at discharge and at the 1-year follow-up, at which time data was collected by telephone interviews or ambulant visits. GDMT was defined as compliance with secondary prevention therapies (statin, antiplatelet, b-blocker, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE-i) or angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB)), as per their respective indication in the 2017 STEMI and 2015 NSTE-ACS ESC Guidelines. Extended follow-up data for mortality was collected from the national health insurance electronic prescription system. Results Median age of the entire cohort was 60 (IQR-53–71) years, 18.6% were female and 55.6% suffered a STEMI. At discharge, 342 patients (95%) received statins, 331 (91.9%) proper antithrombotic therapy (86.4% on dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT), 2.5% on antiplatelet plus anticoagulant and 3% on triple therapy), 309 (85.8%) β-blockers and 217 (60.3%) ACE-i or ARB. GDMT at discharge was prescribed to 272 (75.6%) patients. The 1-year mortality rate was 4.7% (IQR, 2.5–6.9) and there was no mortality benefit for GDMT (HR=0.77 95% CI 0.27 - 2.2) (Figure 1a). At the one-year follow up, 323 (94.2%) of 343 alive patients received statin treatment (72.4% of which a high-intensity statin), 330 (96.2%) any antithrombotic therapy (59.8% on DAPT, 5.2% on any anticoagulant), 263 (76.7%) a β-blocker and 194 (56.6%) an ACE-I or ARB. GDMT at one-year follow up was prescribed to 248 (72.3%) patients. Beyond one year, all-cause mortality was significantly reduced in patients receiving GDMT adjusted for age, STEMI, revascularization with percutaneous coronary angioplasty, history of diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension. (1.6% vs 9.5%, aHR 0.3 95% CI 0.08 - 0.92) (Figure 1b). Conclusions Adherence to GDMT remains stable one year after an ACS. GDMT was associated with a significant decrease in long-term mortality, but not associated with one-year mortality. Figure 1. GDMT at baseline, at 1 year and mortality Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Background Patients discharged after an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) have substantial mortality risk, especially during the first year. Purpose To determine differences between first year and long-term all-cause mortality of patients after an ACS and identify its risk predictors. Methods This is a post-hoc analysis of the baseline data from 360 patients after ACS with a median follow up 3.2 years (IQR: 2.5-3.8) that enrolled in a prospective randomized controlled trial. Mortality rates with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated by Kaplan–Meier method. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses of clinical parameters and cardiac biomarkers were performed to identify predictors for all-cause mortality within first year and thereafter. Results In our cohort, all-cause mortality incidence per 100 person-years at risk within and after first year was 4.9 and 2.1, respectively (RR = 2.3, p < 0.001). Notably, 83% of the deaths during the first year were attributed to any cardiovascular cause, dropped to 50% after the first year. Baseline NT-proBNP value and prior myocardial infarction were the main independent predictors of all-cause mortality for both first year and beyond time periods (Table 1). Οn the contrary, severe chronic kidney disease lost predictive power after 1 year. Conclusion We observed higher all-cause mortality rate during the first year, mainly driven by cardiovascular death. History of myocardial infarction and baseline NT-proBNP levels outperformed any other clinical variable or biomarker for long-term all-cause mortality in  post-ACS patients. Predictors of long-term all-cause death Variables Univariate analysis Multivariate analysis HR (95% CI) P-value HR (95% CI) P-value Age per 1-year increase 1.06 (1.03 - 1.10) <0.001 1.02 (0.99 - 1.06) 0.11 Female 1.07 (0.79 - 3.71) 0.17 HTN 2.52 (1.14 - 5.63) 0.02 Diabetes 2.06 (1.03 - 4.15) 0.04 CKD IV or V 9.01 (3.89 - 20.86) <0.001 0.88 (0.26 - 2.95) 0.83 History of MI 0.55 (0.26 - 1.17) 0.001 3.28 (1.05 - 7.17) 0.002 HFrEF 1.25 (0.51 - 3.04) 0.62 Family history of CAD 0.55 (0.26 - 1.17) 0.12 NT-proBNP* 1.92 (1.46 - 2.51) <0.001 1.70 (1.22 - 2.36) 0.001 hs-cTnT* 1.15 (0.91 - 1.44) 0.27 LDL-C 0.99 (0.98 - 1.00) 0.22 *Natural logarithms Abstract Figure. Kaplan-Meier for all-cause mortality

Background According to the latest ESC Guidelines for chronic coronary syndromes (CCS), patients who suffered an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) pass to a chronic stable phase after one year. In these patients the estimated 10-year risk for recurrent cardiovascular (CV) events varies considerably. We estimated this risk and the expected risk reduction after optimal control. Methods We applied the SMART risk score in 211 patients one year after an ACS to estimate the 10-year risk for recurrent CV events (subsequent non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal stroke, or cardiovascular death). We assessed the distribution of the estimated risk and the potential risk reduction that might be achieved with an optimal guideline-directed management of modifiable risk factors (systolic blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, smoking and body mass index). Results In our cohort, the median SMART score was 16% [interquartile range (IQR), 9.5–26]. If all modifiable risk factors met guideline-recommended targets, median SMART risk score would be 9.4% (IQR, 5.9–17.1), with 52% of the patients at a 10-year risk <10%, while 10% and 11% at 20–30% and >30% risk respectively. The total median reducible risk was 4.7% (IQR, 1.7–8.8). Conclusions The SMART score had a wide distribution among patients with CCS. Noteworthy, one out of five patients will remain at a >20% 10-year risk, even with optimal risk factors management, clearly underlining that residual risk is an unmet clinical issue, which demands individualized patient care. Baseline and total residual risk score Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None