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This article discusses the Essentuki deposit, namely the Central area. The scheme of the field and the hydrogeological section are presented. The methodology of constructing a mathematical model for the extraction of mineral raw materials is shown. Namely, a flat-spatial mathematical model of the hydrolithospheric processes of the Essentuki groundwater deposit was recorded. In this case, the hydrolithospheric processes in aquifers are described by spatial models, and the processes in aquicludes by flat models. It also shows how to take into account the geological and hydrogeological structure of an object as much as possible when building a mathematical model. It is shown how the boundary conditions of the object are set. The physical parameters of the object and geometric data used in mathematical modeling are presented. The article presents the result of modeling the extraction of mineral raw materials from one layer. The stages of construction of control systems for the parameters of hydrolithospheric processes are considered.

The article describes a method for increasing the efficiency of using solar panels when using a two-axis system for tracking the sun. A mathematical model of solar panel operation has been developed for the following applications: stationary installation of solar panels and the use of a two-axis solar tracker. The solar tracker has the ability to rotate the solar panel by the azimuth angle from 0 to 170 degrees, by the Zenith angle from 0 to 90 degrees. The paper presents a method for calculating power generation by solar panels using a solar tracker and a variant of stationary installation of solar panels. Plots of the PV panel as a function of time at stationary position of the solar panels and using a solar tracker. As a result of mathematical modeling, when using a solar tracker, compared with a stationary installation of a solar panel, electricity generation increases by 89.9% on the example of June 22, and by the example of December 22, the increase in electricity generation is 19.6 %. Using a solar tracker during the year increases the efficiency of electricity generation by solar panels by an average of 45-55%. Data on azimuth angles of sunrise and sunset, as well as the Zenith angle depending on the time of day for the 22nd day of each month are given in the table below. The results obtained are presented for coordinates: 45 degrees 3 minutes North latitude 41 degrees 59 minutes East longitude, which corresponds to the locality of the city of Stavropol in the Russian Federation.

The article is devoted to the consideration of agricultural products moisture content measurement error estimation with the use of a four-element capacitive sensor model by means of the authors’ method for multi-element bipoles parameters determining. The results of the specified method mathematical modeling and experimental investigations, which confirm measurement accuracy increasing by reducing the resultant method error in comparison with known methods, are presented in the article.

Today energy industry is a fundamental sector of the world economy as it is an energy component that industrialization and digitalization processes of modern society depends on. Economical activities require the following energy properties: reliability, efficiency, non-stop consumer supply. Each year, to implement these requirements becomes more difficult, since dramatic transition from the available energy supply systems to different and innovative ones is taking place in the energy supply sector. In addition, the problem of improving energy-saving technologies becomes the priority in the agro-industrial complex (APK). This article considers the issue of improving energy-saving technologies in irradiation units of greenhouse complexes due to the optimization of reactive power compensation modes using predictive algorithms for controlling devices of compensation of reactive power under non-stationary modes of non-linear loadings. A compensator control algorithm is proposed based on the correlation analysis of energy processes.